Prenatal Air Pollution Exposures and Early Childhood Outcomes

产前空气污染暴露和幼儿期结果

• 批准号: 1756738
• 负责人: Emily Hannum
• 金额: $ 32万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1756738&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Prenatal; Air; Pollution; Exposures; Early

This study investigates impacts of air pollution exposure on birth outcomes and early child development outcomes, with attention to gender and socioeconomic disparities in risk as well as potential exacerbating or compensating impacts of family resources and processes. The prenatal and early childhood periods are extremely vulnerable phases of life, but the implications of early, high levels of air pollution for children's development, and how they are affected by social and economic context, are poorly understood. Data come from birth certificates, hospital records, and a prospective birth cohort survey in a high air pollution context. Findings will offer insights into the rising global public health challenges associated with air pollution exposures among infants and children. Further, findings regarding the differential risks and impacts of exposure across gender and socioeconomic groups, and about effectiveness of avoidance behaviors and compensatory investments, can inform policymakers and clinicians about the design and targeting of interventions and thereby contribute to the general well-being of society. This study investigates risks associated with prenatal air pollution exposure for birth outcomes and multiple early child development dimensions, including physical, cognitive, language, self-regulation, and social and emotional domains, in a region with high but spatially variable air pollution levels. The project has four objectives: 1: Produce three complementary datasets on air pollution and birth and early childhood outcomes. 2: Estimate associations between air pollution exposures and birth outcomes. 3: Investigate potential differences in vulnerability to and impact of environmental exposure by gender and socioeconomic status using birth certificate data and sample survey data. 4: Estimate impacts of air quality on children's early human capital development within a larger framework of parental investments in children and avoidance behaviors, using sample survey data. The project links a) administrative data from birth certificate databases and hospital records, b) pollution exposure estimates derived from data-fusion methods combining monitoring observations, remotely-sensed satellite imagery, land-use variables, and meteorology, and c) a prospective sample survey of early health and development outcomes. Analyses estimate impacts of air quality on children?s human capital within a larger framework of parental investments in children. The study considers cumulative risks, nonlinearities, and threshold effects of air pollution exposures, and models interactions with other risk and protective factors with a focus on sociological factors related to child gender and socioeconomic status and parenting styles.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本研究调查了空气污染暴露对出生结果和儿童早期发育结果的影响，关注风险中的性别和社会经济差异以及家庭资源和过程的潜在加剧或补偿影响。产前和儿童早期是生命中极其脆弱的阶段，但人们对早期高水平空气污染对儿童发育的影响以及他们如何受到社会和经济环境的影响知之甚少。 数据来自出生证明、医院记录以及在空气污染严重的情况下进行的前瞻性出生队列调查。 研究结果将为了解与婴儿和儿童空气污染暴露相关的日益严峻的全球公共卫生挑战提供见解。此外，关于不同性别和社会经济群体暴露的不同风险和影响，以及关于回避行为和补偿性投资的有效性的研究结果，可以为政策制定者和临床医生提供干预措施的设计和目标定位，从而有助于社会的总体福祉。本研究调查了空气污染水平较高但空间差异较大的地区，与产前空气污染暴露对出生结果和多个早期儿童发育维度（包括身体、认知、语言、自我调节以及社会和情感领域）相关的风险。该项目有四个目标： 1：生成关于空气污染、出生和幼儿结局的三个补充数据集。 2：估计空气污染暴露与出生结果之间的关联。 3：利用出生证明数据和抽样调查数据，调查不同性别和社会经济地位对环境暴露的脆弱性和影响的潜在差异。图4：利用抽样调查数据，在父母对儿童的投资和回避行为的更大框架内估计空气质量对儿童早期人力资本发展的影响。该项目链接了a)来自出生证明数据库和医院记录的行政数据，b)通过结合监测观测、遥感卫星图像、土地利用变量和气象学的数据融合方法得出的污染暴露估计，以及c)对早期健康和发展结果的前瞻性抽样调查。在父母对儿童投资的更大框架内分析估计空气质量对儿童人力资本的影响。该研究考虑了空气污染暴露的累积风险、非线性和阈值效应，并模拟了与其他风险和保护因素的相互作用，重点关注与儿童性别、社会经济地位和养育方式相关的社会学因素。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Same Environment, Stratified Impacts? Air Pollution, Extreme Temperatures, and Birth Weight in South China

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102691
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Environment & Human Health eJournal
• 作者: Xiaoying Liu;J. Behrman;E. Hannum;Fan Wang;Qingguo Zhao

The Asian Games, air pollution and birth outcomes in South China: An instrumental variable approach

亚运会、华南空气污染和出生结果：工具变量方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101078
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Economics & Human Biology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Liu, Xiaoying;Miao, Huazhang;Behrman, Jere R.;Hannum, Emily;Liang, Zhijiang;Zhao, Qingguo
• 通讯作者: Zhao, Qingguo