Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: Creating Labor Markets in Rural Tanzania

经济学博士论文研究：在坦桑尼亚农村创建劳动力市场

• 批准号: 1757305
• 负责人: Jonathan Robinson
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1757305&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; Creating

Title: Agricultural Labor MarketsAbstactEfficient labor markets are important for ensuring that the right kind and quantity of labor is employed in the right jobs to increase productivity and ensure economic and social progress. Agricultural labor markets often do not function as well as markets for many goods for a variety of reasons, including the high cost of job search. The result of this is that employment, productivity and incomes in the agricultural sector, especially in low income countries, remain low. This research project will collect original data and use innovative methods to test two possible reasons why agricultural labor markets do not function efficiently to channel labor to where it is most needed: (i) high costs of job search and (ii) lack of credit to finance employment. The results of this research will provide inputs into the formulation of labor market policies generally and agriculture particularly. The results are applicable to labor markets in low income countries and would thus help the US target its aid policies more efficiently. By improving the efficiency of agricultural labor markets in low income countries, the results of this research would indirectly help US businesses market agricultural inputs to farmers in these countries as more and appropriate type of labor is employed in this sector.Efficient agricultural labor markets are important for two reasons: labor is the most important input in rural economies in LDCs and labor misallocation decreases agricultural productivity. This proposal will use experiments to test two sources of labor market frictions: high search cost due to limited information and credit constraints faced by farmers. The researchers will design and implement a village level randomized field experiment in which treated groups receive job announcement information via text messages, a hiring loan, or both and a control group that does not receive anything to test these hypotheses. The experimental design will allow the researchers to identify a causal effect of search cost and credit constraint on rural labor markets. The design can be adapted to study other markets and the results could provide economists a better understanding of the frictions in rural labor market. This is an important contribution to the development economics literature. The data collected by the researchers will be made available to future researchers. The results of this research will inform US policies on rural labor markets as well as guide the formulation of US aid policies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

标题：农业劳动力市场效率高，劳动力市场对于确保正确的工作中使用合适的劳动力和数量来提高生产力并确保经济和社会进步。 由于多种原因，包括高昂的求职成本，农业劳动力市场通常不像许多商品那样运作和市场。 结果是，农业部门的就业，生产力和收入，尤其是在低收入国家中，仍然很低。 该研究项目将收集原始数据，并使用创新方法来测试为什么农业劳动力市场无法有效运行以将劳动引导到最需要的地方的两个可能原因：（i）求职费用高昂以及（ii）缺乏对财务就业的信用。 这项研究的结果将为劳动力市场政策的制定，尤其是农业尤其是农业。 结果适用于低收入国家的劳动力市场，因此将帮助美国更有效地针对其援助政策。 通过提高低收入国家农业劳动力市场的效率，这项研究的结果将间接帮助我们的企业对这些国家的农民市场的农业投入，因为在该部门采用了更多和适当的劳动力类型，因此有效的农业劳动力市场很重要，原因有两个原因：劳动在劳动力中最重要的投入是劳动力中的最重要的投入，而劳动力却不断降低。 该提案将使用实验来测试两种劳动力市场摩擦的来源：由于农民面临的信息和信贷限制有限，搜索成本很高。 研究人员将设计和实施一个乡村级的随机现场实验，在该实验中，经过处理的小组通过短信，招聘贷款或两者兼而有的对照组接收工作公告信息，该组织没有收到任何东西来检验这些假设。 实验设计将使研究人员能够确定搜索成本和信用限制对农村劳动力市场的因果影响。 该设计可以适应其他市场，结果可以使经济学家更好地了解农村劳动力市场的摩擦。 这是对发展经济学文献的重要贡献。 研究人员收集的数据将提供给未来的研究人员。 这项研究的结果将为美国有关农村劳动力市场的政策提供信息，并指导美国援助政策的制定。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。