Roles of Epsin1-dependent clathrin-coat in plant immunity against bacteria

提高粮食生产水平，对促进国民经济发展和稳定粮食安全具有重要意义。然而，植物病原体大大降低了作物产量，对这些重要目标产生了负面影响。作物病原体管理的途径之一是培育高抗病作物，而作物持久抗病工程的一个重要方面是阐明和操纵模式生物的抗性途径。越来越多的证据表明，植物要对病原体表现出完全主动的防御反应，细胞需要确保正确的蛋白质位于正确的位置。在本项目中，在模式植物拟南芥中发现了一个控制防御相关蛋白的细胞运动的新枢纽。了解这一中心的全部作用和管理可以为改善作物保护带来独特的战略。除了在生物学上的重要性外，该项目还将提供多学科培训，使青年科学家更好地成为国家科学工作队伍的成功成员。此外，将招收本科生参加一个已建立的多实验室研究训练计划，以提高大学一年级学生的科学理解和素养。反式高尔基网络/早期内体（TGN/EE）是一个蛋白质分选站，在模型和作物中对多种微生物病原体的免疫中越来越重要。TGN/EE在植物细胞表面运输免疫货物蛋白中的作用至关重要，因此货物蛋白可以到达其功能位点，在病原体感染之前或响应病原体感染时建立有效的防御。然而，人们对控制TGN/EE免疫货物贩运的分子机制知之甚少。在这里，PI和Co-PI将利用跨学科的方法，包括免疫信号和细菌感染分析，质膜和外质体蛋白质组学，以及活细胞成像，来了解网格蛋白外壳蛋白的个体和组合作用如何控制它们在TGN/EE的运输功能，以维持细胞表面防御相关货物蛋白的正确位置和丰度。该提案产生的数据和工具将有助于就如何操纵国防货物部件的贩运，以提高对细菌和其他病原体的免疫力，制定新的可检验的假设。PM蛋白参与植物生物学的各个方面，从植物防御到发育，激素和营养获取。因此，获得的知识将有助于深入了解网格蛋白介导的转运在植物免疫之外的调节作用。更广泛的影响活动将包括积极参与mu -新生植物科学（FRIPS）计划，在早期阶段招募mu -新生进入植物实验室。培训将包括学习设计和执行实验、分析数据、得出结论和交流结果。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Improving crop production is important both for enhancing the national economy and for stabilizing food security. However, plant pathogens greatly reduce crop yields, negatively impacting these important goals. One approach to crop pathogen management is to develop highly disease-resistant crops, and an important aspect of engineering durable crop pathogen resistance is elucidating and manipulating resistance pathways in model organisms. Increasing evidence shows that for a plant to manifest a fully active defense response against pathogens, cells need to make sure that the correct proteins are in the correct location. In this project, a novel hub controlling the cellular movement of defense-related proteins has been identified in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Understanding the full roles and regulation of this hub can lead to unique strategies for improving crop protection. In addition to its biological importance, this project will provide multi-disciplinary training to better prepare young scientists to be successful members of the national scientific work force. In addition, undergraduate students will be recruited into an established, multi-lab research training program to improve the scientific understanding and literacy of first year university students.The trans-Golgi Network/Early Endosome (TGN/EE) is a protein sorting station of increasing importance in plant immunity against diverse microbial pathogens in model and crops species. The role of the TGN/EE in trafficking of immune cargo proteins to/from the plant cell surface is critical, so that the cargo proteins can reach their site of function to establish effective defenses prior to or in response to pathogen infection. However, little is known about the molecular machinery that govern trafficking of immune cargo at the TGN/EE. Here, the PI and Co-PI will utilize cross-disciplinary approaches including immune-signaling and bacterial infection assays, plasma membrane and apoplast proteomics, and live-cell imaging to understand how the individual and combined roles of clathrin-coat proteins control their trafficking function at the TGN/EE to maintain the correct location and abundance of defense-related cargo proteins at the cell surface. Data and tools generated from this proposal will allow formulating new testable hypotheses on how to manipulate trafficking of defense cargo components for increased immunity to bacteria and other pathogens. PM proteins are involved in all aspects of plant biology from plant defense to development, hormone and nutrient acquisition. Thus, gained knowledge will generate insights into regulatory roles of clathrin-mediated trafficking beyond plant immunity. Broader Impact activities will include active participation in the MU-Freshman In Plant Sciences (FRIPS) Program to recruit MU-Freshmen into plant labs at an early stage. Training will include learning to design and perform experiments, analyze data, draw conclusions and communicate their results.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.