MCA: Delineating molecular components and mechanisms for bacterial flagellin-induced immune responses in maize maize

MCA：描述玉米细菌鞭毛蛋白诱导免疫反应的分子成分和机制

• 批准号: 2220951
• 负责人: Antje Heese
• 金额: $ 36.01万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2220951&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MCA; Delineating; molecular; components; mechanisms

Plants play a vital role in our society because they serve as major food sources for humans and are crucial in the production of medicine, textiles and biofuels. By 2050, the world’s population is predicted to increase by 35%. To feed this growing population, total crop production will need to double. Thus, improving crop production is an important aspect for enhancing the economy and food security within the US and around the world. These important goals, however, are negatively impacted by the fact that plant pathogens greatly reduce crop yield and nutritional values. This work focuses on corn, also called maize, which is a crop species of high agronomical value for US farmers and a staple food around the world. The goal of this work is to advance the limited understanding of how cellular components that are localized at the surface of corn cells detect and induce plant defenses when infected by bacterial pathogens during the early growth of corn plants. The proposed study will provide new understanding that will contribute to new strategies on how to establish resistance against diverse pathogens, thus likely be complementary to current breeding efforts. In addition to its biological importance, this project will provide diverse training to better prepare early-career scientists to be successful members of the national scientific work force. Undergraduate students will be recruited in their first year into a lab that provides a stimulating, challenging and open environment and allows for both scientific and personal growth.As a staple crop, Zea mays (maize) is of high agronomic importance worldwide; but infection by microbial pathogens can result in substantial yield loss. Disease-causing pathogens include bacteria whose motility and pathogenicity rely on their flagella composed of flagellin proteins. As one means to protect themselves against infection by flagellated bacteria, genomes of many dicots and monocots -including maize- encode for an evolutionary ancient immune receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), a plasma membrane-localized receptor kinase that detects bacterial flagellin or its active peptide flg22. Flg22 perception by FLS2 initiates many host immune responses that contribute to bacterial growth restriction. The genetic basis and the molecular machinery underlying flagellin perception and signaling in maize, however, remain largely elusive. This project will advance the limited understanding of the molecular components and mechanisms that contribute to pattern (flg22)-triggered immune responses against flagellated bacteria in maize. The objectives are to a) delineate if ZmFLS2 functions in flg22-responses in maize using reverse genetics and ZmFLS2 expression in Arabidopsis atfls2 mutant; b) define signaling potency of flg22 peptides in leaves and in roots of maize; and c) decipher if a maize ortholog of an Arabidopsis vesicular trafficking protein with roles in FLS2 trafficking to/from the plasma membrane functions in development and immune responses in maize. This grant will provide mentoring and research training for a postdoctoral research fellow and incoming fresh(wo)men as part of the Freshmen Research in Plants (FRIPS) program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物在我们的社会中发挥着至关重要的作用，因为它们是人类的主要食物来源，并且在医药，纺织品和生物燃料的生产中至关重要。到2050年，世界人口预计将增加35%。为了养活这一不断增长的人口，作物总产量需要翻一番。因此，提高作物产量是提高美国和世界经济和粮食安全的重要方面。然而，这些重要的目标受到植物病原体极大地降低作物产量和营养价值这一事实的负面影响。这项工作的重点是玉米，也称为玉米，这是一种对美国农民具有高农艺价值的作物品种，也是世界各地的主食。这项工作的目标是推进对玉米细胞表面的细胞组分如何在玉米植物早期生长期间被细菌病原体感染时检测和诱导植物防御的有限理解。这项拟议的研究将提供新的理解，有助于制定关于如何建立对不同病原体的抗性的新战略，从而可能补充目前的育种工作。除了其生物学重要性外，该项目还将提供多样化的培训，以更好地培养早期职业科学家成为国家科学工作队伍的成功成员。本科生将在第一年被招募到一个实验室，该实验室提供了一个刺激，具有挑战性和开放的环境，并允许科学和个人的成长。作为一种主要作物，玉米（玉米）在世界范围内具有很高的农学重要性;但微生物病原体的感染可能导致大量的产量损失。致病病原体包括其运动性和致病性依赖于由鞭毛蛋白组成的鞭毛的细菌。作为一种保护自己免受鞭毛细菌感染的手段，许多双子叶植物和单子叶植物（包括玉米）的基因组编码进化古老的免疫受体鞭毛蛋白传感2（FLS 2），这是一种质膜定位的受体激酶，可检测细菌鞭毛蛋白或其活性肽flg 22。FLS 2对Flg 22的感知引发了许多有助于细菌生长限制的宿主免疫应答。然而，玉米中鞭毛蛋白感知和信号传导的遗传基础和分子机制在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。该项目将促进对模式（flg 22）触发的针对玉米中鞭毛细菌的免疫反应的分子组分和机制的有限理解。目的是a）使用反向遗传学和拟南芥atfls 2突变体中的ZmFLS 2表达来描述ZmFLS 2是否在玉米中的flg 22-应答中起作用; B）定义flg 22肽在玉米的叶和根中的信号传导效力;和c）如果拟南芥囊泡运输蛋白的玉米直向同源物在FLS 2运输到/玉米发育和免疫反应中的质膜功能。这项资助将为博士后研究员和新生提供指导和研究培训，作为新生植物研究（FRIPS）计划的一部分。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。