Evaluating the Impact of Future Volcanic Eruptions on Stratospheric Ozone: Influence of Multicomponent Injection, Climate Change, Latitude, and Seasonality

评估未来火山喷发对平流层臭氧的影响：多组分注入、气候变化、纬度和季节性的影响

• 批准号: 1764171
• 负责人: David Wilmouth
• 金额: $ 53.24万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1764171&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evaluating; Impact; Future; Volcanic; Eruptions

This project is focused on investigating the potential impacts of future volcanic eruptions on stratospheric ozone. Stratospheric ozone shields the Earth from harmful ultra-violet radiation and hence it is important to understand how volcanic eruptions might impact stratospheric chemistry leading to changes in the protective ozone layer.The primary objectives of this proposal are threefold: (1) characterize column ozone sensitivity to contemporary and future explosive volcanic eruptions as a function of volcanic latitude and season; (2) determine ozone column sensitivity to the direct stratospheric co-injection of inorganic chlorine, bromine, and iodine along with sulfur dioxide from volcanic eruption; and (3) quantify future bromine and iodine alpha factors (the relative ozone-destroying activity of bromine and iodine relative to chlorine) in a variety of greenhouse gas emission scenarios.The effort will employ the SOlar Climate Ozone Links model with aerosol microphysics (SOCOL-AER) for the majority of the scenarios. The chemical transport model AER-2D will also be used to quantify the sensitivity of stratospheric ozone for elements of the project where dynamics play a less significant role. A postdoctoral fellow will perform many of the experiments and the work will provide opportunities for the development of research skills by undergraduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的重点是调查未来火山爆发对平流层臭氧的潜在影响。 平流层臭氧保护地球免受有害的紫外线辐射，因此，了解火山爆发如何影响平流层化学，导致保护臭氧层的变化是很重要的。（2）确定臭氧柱对无机氯、溴和碘沿着与来自火山爆发的二氧化硫直接共同注入平流层的敏感性;以及（3）量化未来的溴和碘α因子（溴和碘相对于氯的臭氧破坏活性）这项工作将对大多数温室气体排放情景采用SOLAR气候臭氧联系模式和气溶胶微物理学（SOCOL-AER）。 还将使用化学传输模型AER-2D来量化平流层臭氧对项目中动力学作用不太重要的要素的敏感性。 一名博士后研究员将执行许多实验，这项工作将为本科生提供发展研究技能的机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Reformulating the bromine alpha factor and equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC): evolution of ozone destruction rates of bromine and chlorine in future climate scenarios

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-9459-2020
• 发表时间: 2020-08-13
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Klobas, J. Eric;Weisenstein, Debra K.;Wilmouth, David M.
• 通讯作者: Wilmouth, David M.

Sensitivity of Iodine-Mediated Stratospheric Ozone Loss Chemistry to Future Chemistry-Climate Scenarios

碘介导的平流层臭氧损失化学对未来化学-气候情景的敏感性

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.617586
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in Earth Science
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Klobas, J. Eric;Hansen, Janina;Weisenstein, Debra K.;Kennedy, Robert P.;Wilmouth, David M.
• 通讯作者: Wilmouth, David M.