Chemical Dynamics of Polyatomic Molecules at Surfaces: New Insights into Complex Systems from State-Selected Studies
表面多原子分子的化学动力学:国家选定研究对复杂系统的新见解
基本信息
- 批准号:1800266
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 53.35万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-05-15 至 2022-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In this project funded by the Chemical Structure Dynamics and Mechanism (CSDM-A) program of the Chemistry Division, Professor Arthur Utz from Tufts University is using sophisticated laser and molecular beam techniques to study the reactions of molecules on metal surfaces. Metal particles are commonly used as catalysts in commercial chemical processes. They selectively convert reactants to the desired product, reduce production of wasteful byproducts, increase reaction rate, and lower energy requirements. Understanding how catalysts work is a key step toward improving their performance. The problem is challenging, however, due to the wide range of reactant energies, and the many different atomic structures found on a working catalyst. To unravel this complexity, Professor Utz and his students are preparing reactants with precise quantities of energy. They then measure their reactivity on a series of surfaces containing well-defined structures that resemble the features present on a working catalyst. The work is providing a systematic and quantitative understanding of how reactant energy, and surface structure, lead to catalytic activity. Insights gained from the project could advance our ability to design and optimize catalysts, which could have important benefits to society. The project is also training students in advanced experimental methods and interfacial science, and it is providing outreach activities that stimulate interest, and enrich the K-12 Science and Technology curriculum at local schools. The project focuses on the energetics and dynamics of dissociative chemisorption to build a mechanistic picture of catalytic activity. A key goal is to understand how increasing the structural and chemical complexity of the gas phase reagent and the surface affects reactivity. A supersonic molecular beam and infrared laser, respectively, impart reactant molecules with a precisely defined kinetic and internal energy. Metal surfaces are chosen to systematically introduce structural features characteristic of working catalysts. Molecular beam reflectivity and surface-sensitive spectroscopies quantify reaction probability as a function of reagent's translational, vibrational, and rotational energies, as well as the surface structure and temperature. In concert with collaborators' electronic structure and reactive scattering calculations, the results paint a detailed picture of the underlying processes that govern gas-surface reactivity and reveal how reactivity patterns persist or change as complexity increases.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
在这个由化学系化学结构动力学和机制(CSDM-A)项目资助的项目中,来自塔夫茨大学的亚瑟乌茨教授正在使用先进的激光和分子束技术来研究分子在金属表面上的反应。金属颗粒通常用作商业化学过程中的催化剂。它们选择性地将反应物转化为所需的产物,减少浪费的副产物的产生,提高反应速率,并降低能量需求。了解催化剂的工作原理是提高其性能的关键一步。然而,由于反应物能量的范围很广,以及在工作催化剂上发现的许多不同的原子结构,这个问题具有挑战性。为了解开这种复杂性,乌茨教授和他的学生们正在准备具有精确能量的反应物。然后,他们在一系列含有明确结构的表面上测量它们的反应性,这些结构类似于工作催化剂上存在的特征。这项工作提供了一个系统的和定量的了解如何反应物的能量和表面结构,导致催化活性。从该项目中获得的见解可以提高我们设计和优化催化剂的能力,这可能对社会产生重要影响。 该项目还对学生进行先进实验方法和界面科学方面的培训,并开展外联活动,激发兴趣,丰富当地学校K-12科学和技术课程。 该项目的重点是解离化学吸附的能量学和动力学,以建立催化活性的机械图。一个关键的目标是了解如何增加气相试剂和表面的结构和化学复杂性影响反应性。超声分子束和红外激光分别赋予反应物分子精确定义的动能和内能。选择金属表面以系统地介绍工作催化剂的结构特征。分子束反射率和表面敏感光谱将反应概率量化为试剂的平移、振动和旋转能量以及表面结构和温度的函数。与合作者的电子结构和反应散射计算相一致,结果描绘了控制气体表面反应性的基本过程的详细画面,并揭示了反应模式如何随着复杂性的增加而持续或变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Arthur Utz其他文献
Arthur Utz的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Arthur Utz', 18)}}的其他基金
SusChEM: Chemical Dynamics of Polyatomic Molecules at Surfaces: New Insights from State-Selected Studies
SusChEM:表面多原子分子的化学动力学:国家选定研究的新见解
- 批准号:
1465230 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
MRI: Acquisition of a Single Crystal X-Ray Diffractometer
MRI:获取单晶 X 射线衍射仪
- 批准号:
1229426 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Energy Resolved Studies of Dynamics, Reactivity and Mechanism at the Gas-Surface Interface
气体-表面界面动力学、反应性和机理的能量解析研究
- 批准号:
1111702 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Understanding and Controlling Gas-Surface Reactivity with State-Selected Reagents
使用状态选择试剂了解和控制气体表面反应性
- 批准号:
0809802 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Vibrational and Rotational State Resolved Dynamics of Gas-Surface Reactions
气体表面反应的振动和旋转状态解析动力学
- 批准号:
0415574 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
State-Resolved Dynamics of Gas-Surface Reactions
气体表面反应的状态解析动力学
- 批准号:
0111446 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
CAREER: Vibrational-State Selected Studies of Gas-Surface Reactions: Strategies for Chemical Control of Gas-Surface Reactivity
职业:气体表面反应的振动态选择性研究:气体表面反应性的化学控制策略
- 批准号:
9703392 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 53.35万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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