A Decadal Assessment of Plasma Science

这个项目将部分支持等离子体科学的下一个十年调查。该报告由美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院（简称“美国国家科学院”）负责编写，通过该项目编写的报告将为国会和政府的联邦政策制定者、支持该领域的机构及其项目、研究界和公众提供有关等离子体科学问题的宝贵信息和指导。该报告将讨论过去十年等离子体科学取得的进展，并将确定未来十年该领域的新机遇和引人注目的科学问题。该报告还将讨论等离子体科学的进步所带来的技术能力对其他研究领域以及满足更广泛的国家需求的好处。该报告的部分内容将以提高公众对等离子体科学及其在其他科学和整个社会中所起作用的理解为目标。为了实施这个项目，美国国家科学院将组建一个大约15人的小组。委员会成员不仅包括等离子体科学的专业知识，还包括来自等离子体科学本质上和日益相互联系的邻近研究领域的专业知识。在编写报告的过程中，委员会将在美国各地举行多次会议和讲习班，包括专业学会会议上的城镇会议，以便让等离子体科学界参与调查过程。委员会随后将发表一份报告：1)评估过去十年等离子体科学的进展和成就；2)确定将等离子体科学定义为一门学科的主要科学问题和新机遇，注意与其他学科的联系及其对其他学科的影响；3)讨论美国在多国等离子体研究活动中的作用的性质和重要性；4)讨论等离子体科学如何为美国在等离子体科学内外的国家需求做出贡献，包括经济繁荣和国防；5)评估目前等离子体科学的劳动力和培训机会是否与未来的劳动力需求相称；6)评估大学在围绕主要研究仪器或社区资产（即用户设施、卫星、望远镜等）组织的大型国家计划中的当前作用和未来机会；7)评估当前美国等离子体科学研究的结构、项目平衡和水平，包括联邦和私人的努力，是否能最好地实现科学机遇。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will partially support the next decadal survey for plasma science. Conducted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies), the report produced through this project will provide valuable information and guidance on issues that pertain to plasma science to federal policy makers in both Congress and the Administration, the agencies and their programs that support this field, research communities, and the general public. The report will discuss progress that has taken place in plasma science over the past ten years and will identify new opportunities and compelling scientific questions for the field over the next decade. The report will also discuss the benefits of the technological capabilities enabled by advances in plasma science for other fields of research as well as in meeting broader national needs. Portions of the report will be written with the goal to enhance the public understanding of plasma science and the role that it plays in other sciences and society at large.To carry out this project, a panel of approximately 15 members will be assembled by the National Academies. Committee membership will include not only a spectrum of plasma science expertise but also expertise from neighboring research fields with which plasma science is intrinsically and increasingly interconnected. In the process of developing the report, the committee will hold multiple meetings and workshops, including town meetings at professional society meetings, at various locations in the United States so as to engage the plasma science community in the survey process. The committee will then produce a report: 1) assessing the progress and achievements of plasma science over the past decade; 2) identifying the major scientific questions and new opportunities that define plasma science as a discipline, noting connections to and the influence on other disciplines; 3) discussing the nature and importance of the U.S. role in multi-national plasma research activities; 4) discussing how plasma science has contributed and will likely contribute to U.S. national needs both in and beyond plasma science, including economic prosperity and national defense; 5) assessing whether the present plasma science workforce and training opportunities are commensurate with future workforce needs; 6) assessing the present role of, and future opportunities for, universities within large national programs organized around major research instruments or community assets (i.e., user facilities, satellites, telescopes, etc.); and 7) assessing whether the structure, program balance, and level of the current U.S. research effort in plasma science across the federal and private efforts are best positioned to realize the science opportunities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.