Fundamental controls on mid-crustal 'escape' flow in orogenic systems

造山系统中地壳“逃逸”流的基本控制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1802730
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 27.09万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2018-07-15 至 2023-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

In large mountain belts that result from continent-continent collision, the tremendous accumulation of rock mass that creates the high mountainous topography must be removed from the system by a variety of mechanisms. In the shallow crust, this is mostly accomplished by the erosive action of rivers and glaciers. At greater depths the middle and lower crust can be weakened by partial melting and then may flow out of the collision zone in a process known as channel or escape flow. In the Himalayan-Tibetan system, it has been proposed that crustal escape flow dominates deformation in the lower crust beneath the eastern Tibetan margin and may even contribute to slip and seismicity along upper crustal strike-slip faults in northeastern India, northern Myanmar, and southern China. Understanding if these crustal escape flows are truly present and how they operate in large mountain belt systems remains as a fundamental challenge for tectonics research, particularly because they cannot be directly observed at depth. Critical to our understanding of how escape flow may operate is the nature of the boundaries that direct such flow and how they dynamically interact with the channel system, so ideally a study of this type should be carried out by examining a crustal channel that has had its upper crustal 'lid' removed. This project is examining a possible crustal escape flow system that is exposed at the surface in the southern Appalachian Inner Piedmont of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. In addition, this work is producing a critical suite of geochronologic and petrotectonic analyses for a classic eastern U.S. field area that lacks much of this basic data. This project contributes to the advancement of desired societal outcomes by supporting advanced field and laboratory training for a graduate student in an important science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM discipline), and is providing support for an early career investigator. Most importantly, this project will also support research training and collaboration experience for at least six undergraduate researchers under the guidance of the principal investigator.Although the classic channel flow model quite elegantly explains a number of seemingly unrelated features in the Himalayan system, the condition(s) that may have led to deactivation and/or redirection of the channel at the southern front of the Tibetan Plateau remains as a persistent enigma for this model. Specifically, it is necessary to understand: (1) what conditions or mechanistic changes might lead to a switch from an orogen-normal channel flow dominated system to one that accommodates shortening by critical wedge-style slip along major thrusts at the front of an orogen, (2) could the same conditions(s) and mechanisms be responsible for a switch to orogen-parallel escape flow in large hot orogens that undergo this transition, and (3) what is the nature of the boundaries that direct such flow and how do they dynamically interact with the orogen-parallel channel system? To do this, it was necessary to identify a potential channel system now exposed at the surface. In the southern Appalachian Inner Piedmont, previous studies proposed the presence of a Neoacadian (Devonian-Mississippian) crustal escape flow system based on the observation of a map scale curved lineation pattern and preservation of an extensive area of pervasive migmatization, sillimanite I-II metamorphism, and numerous anatectic plutons. This study is addressing the questions above in the Inner Piedmont using integrated metamorphic and structural petrology, chemical diffusion modeling, and geo- (monazite and titanite laser ablation split stream technique) and thermochronology (40Ar/39Ar hornblende and muscovite) combined with paleopiezometry and quartz fabric-derived deformation temperatures to establish Pressure-Temperature-temperature-stress paths and system residence times for representative structural levels across the interpreted channel system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
在大陆与大陆碰撞形成的大型山带中,形成高山地形的巨大的岩体堆积必须通过各种机制从该系统中移除。在浅层地壳中,这主要是由河流和冰川的侵蚀作用完成的。在较深的地方,中下地壳会因部分熔融而减弱,然后可能从碰撞区流出,这一过程被称为通道流或逃逸流。了解这些地壳逃逸流是否真实存在,以及它们如何在大型山带系统中运作,仍然是构造学研究的一个基本挑战,特别是因为它们不能直接在深处观察到。对于我们理解逃逸流如何运作的关键是引导这种流动的边界的性质,以及它们如何与通道系统动态地相互作用,因此理想情况下,这种类型的研究应该通过检查已移除其上部地壳“盖”的地壳通道来进行。该项目正在研究一个可能的地壳泄漏流系统,该系统暴露在北卡罗莱纳、南卡罗莱纳和乔治亚州的阿巴拉契亚南部内皮埃蒙特地区的地表。此外,这项工作还为美国东部一个缺乏基本数据的经典油田地区提供了一套重要的地质年代学和岩石构造分析。该项目通过支持重要科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM学科)研究生的高级现场和实验室培训,为预期的社会成果的进步做出了贡献,并为早期职业研究者提供了支持。最重要的是,该项目还将在首席研究员的指导下,为至少6名本科研究人员提供研究培训和合作经验。尽管经典的河道流动模型很好地解释了喜马拉雅系统中许多看似不相关的特征,但可能导致青藏高原南锋河道失活和/或重定向的条件仍然是该模型的一个谜。具体来说,有必要了解:(1)什么样的条件或机制变化可能导致从造山带正常通道流主导的系统转变为一个适应沿主要冲断层在造山带前部的临界楔式滑动缩短的系统;(2)在经历这种转变的大型热造山带中,同样的条件和机制是否可能导致向造山带平行逃逸流的转变?(3)引导这种流动的边界的性质是什么?它们如何与造山带平行河道系统动态地相互作用?要做到这一点,有必要确定一个潜在的渠道系统,现在暴露在表面。在阿巴拉契亚南部的内山前,以往的研究基于对地图尺度的弯曲线理模式的观察,以及广泛的普遍岩浆岩化、硅线岩I-II变质作用和大量的深熔岩体的保存,提出了新阿卡蒂亚(泥盆系-密西西比系)地壳逸出流体系的存在。本研究利用综合变质学和构造岩石学、化学扩散模型、地质体(独居石和钛矿激光烧蚀劈裂流技术)和热年代学(40Ar/39Ar角闪石和白云母)结合古地层测量学和石英织物衍生的变形温度,建立了跨解释河道系统代表性构造水平的压力-温度-温度-应力路径和系统停留时间。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(9)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
DID THE BREVARD FAULT ZONE CONTROL NEOACADIAN CHANNEL AND ESCAPE FLOW IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN INNER PIEDMONT? EVIDENCE FROM MONAZITE U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY AND REE GEOCHEMISTRY
布里瓦德断层带是否控制了南阿巴拉契亚内山麓的新阿卡迪亚通道和逃逸流?
  • DOI:
    10.1130/abs/2023se-385449
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Powell, Nicholas E.;Thigpen, Ryan;Moecher, David P.;Stowell, Harold H.;Spencer, Brandon;Merschat, Arthur;Kylander-Clark, Andrew R.C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Kylander-Clark, Andrew R.C.
UNDERSTANDING GRADIENTS IN THE DIFFERENTIAL STRESS DRIVING FLOW: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CRUSTAL ESCAPE FLOW MODEL IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN INNER PIEDMONT
了解差异应力驱动流中的梯度:对南阿巴拉契亚内山麓地壳逃逸流模型的影响
  • DOI:
    10.1130/abs/2021am-371086
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Clark, Gillian;Spencer, Brandon;Thigpen, Ryan;Merschat, Arthur J.;Casale, Gabriele;Levine, Jamie
  • 通讯作者:
    Levine, Jamie
RECONSTRUCTING THE PALEOZOIC STRUCTURAL, METAMORPHIC, AND EXHUMATIONAL HISTORY OF THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BLUE RIDGE AND INNER PIEDMONT
重建南阿巴拉契亚蓝岭和内皮埃蒙特的古生代构造、变质和发掘历史
  • DOI:
    10.1130/abs/2023se-385547
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Thigpen, Ryan;Merschat, Arthur;Hatcher, Robert;Moecher, David;Powell, Nicholas E.;Spencer, Brandon;Stowell, Harold;Bollen, Elizabeth
  • 通讯作者:
    Bollen, Elizabeth
PROGRESS CONSTRAINING TECTONOTHERMAL MODELS FOR THE SOUTHERNMOST APPALACHIANS
阿巴拉契亚最南端的构造热模型进展约束
  • DOI:
    10.1130/abs/2022am-378946
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Stowell, Harold;Bollen, Elizabeth M.;Thigpen, Ryan;Steltenpohl, Mark;Allison, David T.
  • 通讯作者:
    Allison, David T.
Defining the Timing, Extent, and Conditions of Paleozoic Metamorphism in the Southern Appalachian Blue Ridge Terranes of Tennessee, North Carolina, and Northern Georgia
定义田纳西州、北卡罗来纳州和乔治亚州北部阿巴拉契亚蓝岭地体古生代变质作用的时间、范围和条件
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2022tc007406
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.2
  • 作者:
    Thigpen, J. Ryan;Moecher, David P.;Stowell, Harold H.;Merschat, Arthur;Hatcher, Jr, Robert D.;Powell, Nicholas E.;Spencer, Brandon M.;Mako, Calvin A.;Bollen, Elizabeth M.;Kylander‐Clark, Andrew
  • 通讯作者:
    Kylander‐Clark, Andrew
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Ryan Thigpen其他文献

Ryan Thigpen的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ryan Thigpen', 18)}}的其他基金

Cataclysmic erasure of mountain topography and major unrealized seismic hazards in the northern Basin and Range
北部盆地和山脉山区地形的灾难性消失和未意识到的重大地震灾害
  • 批准号:
    1932808
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.09万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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