Cataclysmic erasure of mountain topography and major unrealized seismic hazards in the northern Basin and Range

北部盆地和山脉山区地形的灾难性消失和未意识到的重大地震灾害

• 批准号: 1932808
• 负责人: Ryan Thigpen
• 金额: $ 58.01万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1932808&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cataclysmic; erasure; mountain; topography; major

This multidisciplinary project will investigate the extent to which progression of volcanism associated with the Yellowstone hot spot has truncated high-relief mountain ranges of the northern Rocky Mountains. As the hotspot has progressed northeastward through time, it has “erased” preexisting tectonic topography at rates significantly faster than natural erosional processes and by doing so, fundamentally reshape the topographic, fluvial, and climatic evolution of an entire region. The research will focus on the present-day southern Teton Range in northwest Wyoming, which is hypothesized to have extended farther south and was subsequently removed by the post-2 million-year eruptions of the Yellowstone caldera. In addition, the project will address the link between nascent faults and seismic activity that have formed during the actively migrating Yellowstone hotspot; thus, this project has the potential to greatly enhance the understanding of potential seismic hazards associated with the Teton fault. The Tetons and Yellowstone attract 7,000,000 visitors annually and by linking these two seemingly unrelated geologic features the investigators can provide the public with a new way of understanding one of the most unique and diverse natural landscapes in the world. The results of this research will be incorporated into new public awareness campaigns and informal public education, including visitor center exhibits, public talks, and development of a website and a series of mini-documentaries. The project will also advance desired societal outcomes by supporting advanced field and laboratory training for two doctoral students, research training and collaboration experience for at multiple undergraduate students, with an emphasis on including underrepresented minorities in STEM education. In the final year of the project, all results will be disseminated at a workshop that includes all regional stakeholders, including Teton County and Jackson city representatives, university researchers, National Park Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.Traditionally, the active Teton normal fault is interpreted to follow the topographic break between the range front and the adjacent Jackson Valley and this has been confirmed by recent LiDAR studies. The commonly held belief is that the fault must always be present near the topographic break at the range front, and thus slip on the northern extent of the fault is often interpreted to diminish as the topography recedes in the northern Teton Range. However; two key datasets indicate that the relict topography preserved today may not reflect the northern extent of the Teton fault, including: new data documenting the long-term fault slip and range uplift history suggests that the Teton fault may have originally extended much farther north than previously thought; and, recently acquired LiDAR imagery reveals multiple candidate fault scarps that may represent the active northern extent of the Teton fault. To test the hypothesis that the Teton Range originally extended much farther north, the investigators are using thermochronology combined with inverse thermal history and thermal-kinematic modeling to further refine the slip history along the main segment of the Teton fault and determine the possible lengths of a northern Teton fault projection. Second, the researchers will use a grid of high-resolution seismic reflection data acquired from Jackson Lake to define how the main Teton fault links with disparate fault scarps that display similar modern offset. This survey will also allow the investigators to develop footwall and hanging wall coring targets, the products of which will be used with radiocarbon geochronology to develop an episodic fault slip history that can be compared with previous trenching studies of other fault segments both south and north of the proposed study area. Linking the timing of slip events along the main Teton fault, the lake fault segments, and the northern segments will allow the researchers to determine whether or not all of these segments are seismogenically linked. The current catalog of fault slip events is based solely on trenching studies, but it is likely that the fine-grained lake sediments preserve a more complete seismogenic record, thus providing the possibility for identifying slip events that have not been previously identified. Finally, the investigators will acquire multiple onshore fault-normal seismic reflection lines to demonstrate a northern extension of the Teton fault.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这一多学科项目将调查与黄石热点有关的火山活动的进展在多大程度上截断了落基山脉北方的高海拔山脉。随着热点向东北方向发展，它以比自然侵蚀过程快得多的速度“抹去”了先前存在的构造地形，并从根本上重塑了整个地区的地形，河流和气候演变。 这项研究将集中在现今怀俄明州西北部的提顿山脉南部，据推测，提顿山脉向南延伸得更远，随后被黄石火山口200万年后的喷发所消除。此外，该项目将解决新生断层和地震活动之间的联系，在积极迁移黄石热点形成;因此，该项目有可能大大提高与提顿断层相关的潜在地震危险的理解。提顿和黄石每年吸引700万游客，通过将这两个看似无关的地质特征联系起来，研究人员可以为公众提供一种新的方式来了解世界上最独特和多样的自然景观之一。这项研究的结果将被纳入新的公众意识运动和非正式的公众教育，包括游客中心展览，公开讲座，开发一个网站和一系列迷你纪录片。该项目还将通过支持两名博士生的高级现场和实验室培训，多名本科生的研究培训和合作经验，促进预期的社会成果，重点是将代表性不足的少数民族纳入STEM教育。在项目的最后一年，所有成果将在一个研讨会上传播，该研讨会包括所有区域利益相关者，包括提顿县和杰克逊市的代表、大学研究人员、国家公园管理局、美国地质调查局和美国垦务局。活动的提顿正断层被解释为遵循山脉前缘和相邻的杰克逊山谷之间的地形突变，最近的LiDAR研究证实了这一点。一般认为，断层必须始终存在于山脉前缘的地形突变附近，因此断层北方范围内的滑动通常被解释为随着提顿山脉北方的地形后退而减少。然;两个关键数据集表明，今天保存的残余地形可能无法反映提顿断层的北方范围，包括：记录长期断层滑动和山脉隆起历史的新数据表明，提顿断层最初可能比以前认为的向北延伸得更远;最近获得的激光雷达图像显示了多个候选断层崖，这些断层崖可能代表提顿断层的活动北方范围。为了验证提顿山脉最初向北延伸得更远的假设，研究人员正在使用热年代学结合逆热历史和热运动学建模来进一步细化沿着提顿断层沿着主要部分的滑动历史，并确定北方提顿断层投影的可能长度。其次，研究人员将使用从杰克逊湖获得的高分辨率地震反射数据网格来定义主要的提顿断层如何与显示类似现代偏移的不同断层崖联系。这项调查还将使调查人员能够开发下盘和上盘取芯目标，其产品将与放射性碳地质年代学一起使用，以开发一个幕式断层滑动历史，可以与以前对拟议研究区南部和北部其他断层段的探槽研究进行比较。沿着主要的提顿断层，湖泊断层段和北方断层段连接滑动事件的时间将使研究人员能够确定所有这些断层段是否都与地震有关。目前的断层滑动事件目录仅基于槽探研究，但细粒湖泊沉积物可能保存了更完整的孕震记录，从而为识别以前未被识别的滑动事件提供了可能性。最后，调查人员将获得多个陆上断层正常地震反射线，以证明提顿断层的北方延伸。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

TESTING INTERPRETATIONS OF THE DISPLACEMENT MAGNITUDE OF THE TETON FAULT AND UPLIFT OF THE TETON RANGE, WY WITH INTEGRATED FLEXURAL-KINEMATIC AND THERMAL MODELING

利用综合弯曲运动学和热模型测试解释怀俄明州提顿断层的位移幅度和提顿山脉的隆起

• DOI: 10.1130/abs/2020am-356016
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
• 作者: Helfrich, Autumn L.;Buford Parks, Victoria M.;Thigpen, James;McQuarrie, Nadine
• 通讯作者: McQuarrie, Nadine

Fossil Diatoms Reveal Natural and Anthropogenic History of Jackson Lake (Wyoming, USA)

• DOI: 10.3389/esss.2023.10065
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 作者: John Dilworth;J. Stone;K. Yeager;J. Thigpen;M. McGlue

PALEOENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS OF GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK (WYOMING) DEDUCED FROM CHIRP SEISMIC REFLECTION AND SEDIMENT CORES FROM JACKSON LAKE

根据来自杰克逊湖的 Chirp 地震反射和沉积岩芯推断出大提顿国家公园（怀俄明州）的古环境动力学

• DOI: 10.1130/abs/2023am-394668
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
• 作者: McGlue, Michael M.;Dilworth, John;Thigpen, Ryan;Yeager, Kevin;Woolery, Edward W.;Johnson, Sarah;Whitehead, Samuel J.;Cortese, Callia
• 通讯作者: Cortese, Callia

First evidence of an extant freshwater sponge fauna in Jackson Lake, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming (USA)

怀俄明州大提顿国家公园杰克逊湖现存淡水海绵动物群的第一个证据（美国）

• DOI: 10.1080/20442041.2022.2035190
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Inland Waters
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Rasbold, Giliane G.;Pinheiro, Ulisses;Domingos-Luz, Leandro;Dilworth, John;Thigpen, J. Ryan;Pessenda, Luiz C.;McGlue, Michael M.
• 通讯作者: McGlue, Michael M.

UTILIZING APATITE (U-TH)/HE ANALYSES AND INVERSE THERMAL HISTORY MODELING TO CONSTRAIN THE UPLIFT HISTORY OF THE SOUTH-CENTRAL PART OF THE TETON FAULT

利用磷灰石(U-TH)/HE分析及反热史模型约束提顿断层中南部的隆升历史

• DOI: 10.1130/abs/2020am-358831
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
• 作者: Dixon, Timothy;Thigpen, James;Dunn, Amber L.;Brown, Summer J.;Guenthner, William R.
• 通讯作者: Guenthner, William R.