GOALI: Collaborative Research: Electrochemical CO2 Separation and Capture through Design of Carbonate-Selective Catalysts and Ionomers

目标：合作研究：通过设计碳酸盐选择性催化剂和离聚物进行电化学二氧化碳分离和捕获

• 批准号: 1803189
• 负责人: William Mustain
• 金额: $ 27.5万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1803189&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Collaborative; Research; Electrochemical; CO2

The project will explore electrochemical reactor technology capable of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants. Through a research collaboration between the University of South Carolina, the Pennsylvania State University, and Proton OnSite - a Connecticut small business that is a specialist at bringing electrochemical technologies to market - the project will combine elements of reactor design, catalysis, and separations to make critical scientific and engineering advances required for commercialization of CO2 capture at the industrial scale. The project will also provide opportunities for young researchers - including both high school and college students - to learn about electrochemistry, polymer science and applications of CO2 in academic, industrial and global contexts. The combined research and educational aspects of the study will help secure our Nation's future as a leader in clean energy technologies. The project aims to advance anion-exchange membrane (AEM) based CO2 separation reactors through: 1) realization of advanced catalysts that improve the rate of CO2 reaction and separation; 2) design of membranes that can control the chemical pathways in the cell; 3) high-performance cell design - aided by computer modeling; and 4) construction of commercial-fidelity reactors for testing under realistic environments. The research combines engineered materials, catalysts, and membranes to control the chemical state of CO2 as it is transported through the AEM. This is important because the reaction kinetics dictate the operating voltage and a combination of mass transport and thermodynamics act to control the power requirements through the anionic balance in the AEM - with hydroxide, bicarbonate and carbonate anions all being present. Bicarbonate anions are the preferred species for CO2 separation. On the catalyst side, the surface chemistry of transition metal oxide catalysts will be investigated to uncover the reaction mechanisms for direct electrocatalytic (bi)carbonate formation. On the polymer side, new alkaline ionomers will be synthesized to control the effective base dissociation constant (pKb) of the polymer at levels needed to maintain the electrocatalytically derived bicarbonate anion in its native form during transport through the reactor. The project will also simulate the behavior of such a CO2 separation reactor as an integrated component of a 500 MW coal-fired power plant, and will assess its current and future economic feasibility. Thus, the intellectual drivers of this work will encompass both the physical science of materials and electrochemical systems, as well as engineering design and economic considerations. Beyond the immediate thrusts, the research will have relevance in the materials, catalysis, and electrochemical communities as well as broader areas of carbon capture and economics of fossil energy technology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将探索能够捕获发电厂排放的二氧化碳（CO2）的电化学反应器技术。通过南卡罗来纳大学、宾夕法尼亚州立大学和Proton OnSite（一家将电化学技术推向市场的康涅狄格州小型企业）之间的研究合作，该项目将结合反应器设计、催化和分离的要素，使二氧化碳捕获在工业规模上商业化所需的关键科学和工程进步。该项目还将为年轻的研究人员——包括高中生和大学生——提供学习电化学、聚合物科学以及二氧化碳在学术、工业和全球环境中的应用的机会。这项研究的综合研究和教育方面将有助于确保我国未来在清洁能源技术方面处于领先地位。该项目旨在通过以下途径推进基于阴离子交换膜（AEM）的CO2分离反应器：1)实现提高CO2反应和分离速度的先进催化剂；2)设计能够控制细胞内化学途径的膜；3)高性能电池设计-借助于计算机建模；4)建造可在真实环境下进行测试的商业保真反应堆。该研究结合了工程材料、催化剂和膜来控制二氧化碳通过AEM运输时的化学状态。这一点很重要，因为反应动力学决定了操作电压，质量传递和热力学的结合通过AEM中的阴离子平衡来控制功率需求——氢氧化物、碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐阴离子都存在。碳酸氢盐阴离子是分离CO2的首选物质。在催化剂方面，将研究过渡金属氧化物催化剂的表面化学性质，以揭示直接电催化（bi）碳酸盐形成的反应机理。在聚合物方面，新的碱性离聚体将被合成，以控制聚合物的有效碱解离常数（pKb）在需要的水平上，以保持电催化衍生的碳酸氢盐阴离子在通过反应器的运输过程中以其天然形式存在。该项目还将模拟这种二氧化碳分离反应堆作为500兆瓦燃煤电厂的一个组成部分的行为，并将评估其当前和未来的经济可行性。因此，这项工作的智力驱动将包括材料和电化学系统的物理科学，以及工程设计和经济考虑。除了直接的推动力外，这项研究还将与材料、催化和电化学社区以及更广泛的碳捕获和化石能源技术经济学领域相关。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Effect of reacting gas flowrates and hydration on the carbonation of anion exchange membrane fuel cells in the presence of CO2

CO2 存在下反应气体流量和水合对阴离子交换膜燃料电池碳酸化的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228350
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Power Sources
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: Zheng, Yiwei;Huang, Garrett;Wang, Lianqin;Varcoe, John R.;Kohl, Paul A.;Mustain, W.E.
• 通讯作者: Mustain, W.E.