Norovirus persistence in surface water

诺如病毒在地表水中的持久性

• 批准号: 1804169
• 负责人: Alexandria Boehm
• 金额: $ 32.18万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1804169&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Norovirus; persistence; surface; water

Human norovirus causes severe gastrointestinal illness. Even though it is commonly found in water, there has been little work to examine the survivability of the virus in surface waters like lakes, rivers, and oceans. In this project, researchers will investigate how long human norovirus survives in surface waters. The generated knowledge will inform the management of surface waters and the design of wastewater and water treatment processes. The project addresses a high priority research need to protect human health. The educational activities will benefit learners from preschoolers to tenured researchers. Human norovirus (hNoV) is the leading global cause of gastroenteritis and is the most important etiology of recreational waterborne illness. The objective of this project is to fill the critical knowledge gap in hNoV persistence in surface water. This research consists of coordinated laboratory, mesocosm, and modeling studies. The goal is to develop a generalizable predictive model for hNoV inactivation under a wide range of conditions relevant to surface waters. hNoV cannot be readily cultured, so hNoV inactivation will be approximated using molecular methods that aim to differentiate infectious from non-infectious hNoV and investigate the mechanism of hNoV inactivation (capsid damage and genome lesions). The work will yield novel advances in the understanding of hNoV persistence in water, and it will have immediate implications for the management of surface waters for the protection of human health. This research will also advance the field of applied microbiology and virology by providing new insights into mechanisms of hNoV inactivation that may be applied to other viruses. Outreach to the beach manager community in California and nationally at EPA?s Office of Science & Technology will take place through presentations at working group meetings. Information provided to these two groups by the research team can inform national water quality standards for viruses. The project team will develop new curricula on microorganisms for preschool children and will also integrate the results into classroom instruction. A graduate student will pursue PhD research and undergraduate students will gain research experience during the course of this project. The project team will work with the diversity program Stanford University to identify underrepresented students to participate in the proposed work. In order to promote this research, the team will participate in a local science festival.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类诺沃克病毒会导致严重的胃肠道疾病。尽管它在水中很常见，但很少有人研究这种病毒在湖泊、河流和海洋等地表水中的生存能力。在这个项目中，研究人员将调查人类诺沃克病毒在地表水中存活多长时间。产生的知识将为地表水的管理以及废水和水处理工艺的设计提供信息。该项目解决了高度优先的研究需要，以保护人类健康。教育活动将使从学龄前儿童到终身研究人员的学习者受益。人类诺如病毒(HNoV)是全球胃肠炎的主要原因，也是娱乐水媒疾病的最重要病原学。该项目的目标是填补在地表水中持续存在hNOV的关键知识空白。这项研究由协调实验室、中观和模型研究组成。其目标是开发一种在与地表水相关的广泛条件下hNoV失活的通用预测模型。HNoV不容易培养，因此将使用分子方法来近似hNoV的灭活，目的是区分感染性和非感染性hNoV，并研究hNoV灭活的机制(衣壳损伤和基因组损伤)。这项工作将在理解hNOV在水中的持久性方面取得新的进展，并将对保护人类健康的地表水管理产生直接影响。这项研究还将通过为hNoV失活机制提供新的见解，从而推动应用微生物学和病毒学领域的发展，该机制可能适用于其他病毒。S科学与技术办公室将通过在工作组会议上的陈述，向加州和全国的海滩经理社区进行外联。研究小组向这两个小组提供的信息可以为国家水质病毒标准提供信息。项目组将为学龄前儿童开发有关微生物的新课程，并将其成果纳入课堂教学。研究生将从事博士研究，本科生将在这个项目的过程中获得研究经验。该项目团队将与斯坦福大学的多样性项目合作，以确定参与拟议工作的代表人数不足的学生。为了促进这项研究，该团队将参加当地的科学节。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Sunlight Inactivation of Human Norovirus and Bacteriophage MS2 Using a Genome-Wide PCR-Based Approach and Enzyme Pretreatment

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01575
• 发表时间: 2021-06-08
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Loeb, Stephanie K.;Jennings, Wiley C.;Boehm, Alexandria B.
• 通讯作者: Boehm, Alexandria B.