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Kinetic Effects in Nonlinear Plasma Waves

非线性等离子体波的动力学效应

基本信息

批准号：
1805764
负责人：
Daniel H.E. Dubin
金额：
$ 51万
依托单位：
University of California-San Diego
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805764&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Kinetic Effects Nonlinear Plasma Waves

项目摘要

This award supports a program of experiments, simulations, and theory on a new type of instability of large amplitude plasma waves - waves in a gas of freely interacting electrically charged particles. The studies will focus on and characterize novel 'kinetic' effects that appear to dominate this instability in waves that propagate with nearly constant wave speed. Such waves are ubiquitous in both naturally-occurring and laboratory plasmas. The new instability mechanism is quite simple and general, and therefore has application to a range of scenarios, including space plasmas and fusion plasmas for power generation.Experiments will be performed on non-neutral plasmas, utilizing an electron trap and an ion trap with a broad range of operating regimes and diagnostics. The simplicity of these systems allows a depth of understanding and a precision of comparison between theory and experiment which is rarely possible for quasi-neutral plasmas in complex geometry. The goal is to verify applicability of the theory, and to stimulate new theory where needed. Recent analysis has found that, surprisingly, standard fluid theory is inadequate to describe parametric instability for near-acoustic Trivelpiece-Gould [TG] plasma waves. A new kinetic instability mechanism, involving a small fraction of plasma that is trapped in the wave troughs, will be studied and applied to understand parametric instabilities observed both in TG waves and in electron-acoustic waves. Experiments and simulations will be used to characterize the particle distribution under the action of the wave, including trapped particles, for direct comparison to theory.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持一项关于大振幅等离子体波的新型不稳定性的实验，模拟和理论计划-自由相互作用的带电粒子气体中的波。这些研究将侧重于和表征新的“动力学”效应，这些效应似乎主导了以几乎恒定的波速传播的波的不稳定性。这种波在自然发生的和实验室等离子体中无处不在。新的不稳定性机制相当简单和普遍，因此适用于一系列情况，包括空间等离子体和聚变等离子体发电，将利用具有广泛操作制度和诊断的电子阱和离子阱对非中性等离子体进行实验。这些系统的简单性允许深入的理解和精确的理论和实验之间的比较，这是很少可能的准中性等离子体在复杂的几何形状。目的是验证理论的适用性，并在需要时激发新的理论。最近的分析发现，令人惊讶的是，标准流体理论是不足以描述参数不稳定性的近声学Trivelpiece古尔德[TG]等离子体波。一个新的动力学不稳定机制，涉及一小部分被困在波谷的等离子体，将被研究和应用于了解参数不稳定性观察到的TG波和电子声波。实验和模拟将用于描述波浪作用下的颗粒分布，包括捕获的颗粒，以直接与理论进行比较。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。