Collaborative Research: Fully Integrated Power and Energy Systems with Multi-Infeed AC/DC Architecture: Developing Advanced Controls, Protections, and Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulati

美国能源部将微电网定义为一组相互连接的负载和分布式能源，在明确定义的电气边界内，作为电网的单一可控实体；它可以连接和断开电网，使其能够在并网或孤岛模式下运行。现代化微电网模仿大型电力系统，但又有其自身的特点，必须加以有效解决。在这个项目中，完全集成的电力和能源系统（FIPES）概念将被引入和研究，作为mg集成的新趋势。基于fipes的MGs将能够提供高功率，包括负载更大的灵活性，改善电能质量，并且能够集成更多数量的电池储能系统（bess），从而从其动态响应和/或能源套利中受益。这项研究开发了先进的MG的保护、控制和自动化，并帮助它们合并到一个单一的过程中。本项目发展的理论可以为其他领域的许多网络类型的系统量身定制和广泛发展，包括控制工程应用；先进的海军动力系统；基于通信的自动化能源系统；多代理系统;以及过程控制系统。此外，本文增强的硬件在环仿真系统具有广泛的应用前景。该项目将特别关注佐治亚南方大学和密西西比州立大学代表性不足的少数民族参与STEM研究和学习。他们将从事现代化电网与可再生能源整合的多学科课题。项目进展将用于通过外展计划和公开演讲来提高公众知识。将密切考虑改进现有的STEM课程主题和开发新的STEM课程主题。本提案对综合和发展鲁棒和先进的控制算法、保护方案和仿真方法进行了基础研究，以实现完全集成的电力和能源系统（FIPES）概念，作为MG的未来趋势。这项基础研究将基于快速双向电力电子转换器的高渗透率，以在多馈入ac/dc架构中充分集成可再生能源和bess。在这里，控制、稳定、性能和保护目标是紧密联系在一起的，需要通过采用先进的电力电子设备来整体解决。除了容错方面，本研究还考虑了电能质量，并将通过一种创新的方法，通过容错系统模拟网络攻击，调查和解决相关的网络安全问题。建筑的复杂性和组件的多样性产生了一个高度复杂的动态系统，在这个系统中，传统的线性方法没有足够的竞争力来解决所需的目标。它们需要通过发展先进的非线性和鲁棒方法来解决，这些方法也能够考虑到耦合动力学；变频条件;快速，紧凑的时间常数。因此，采用交直流混合结构可以在较低的硬件容量和要求下实现电力系统的设计和性能目标。因此，该项目将通过使用集成多种动力学和部署非线性动力系统理论的方法，为基于fipes的mg开发强大、先进的控制和保护系统，从而解决这些问题。控制/电源-硬件在环（C/PHIL）测试和数字实时仿真将用于评估所提出的控制理念和保护方案的功能。针对PHIL测试的稳定性和性能，将提出新的改进的PHIL方法。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The U.S. Department of Energy defines the microgrid as a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid; it can connect to and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode. The modernized microgrid (MG) mimics large power systems, but it has its own characteristics which must be effectively addressed. In this project, fully integrated power and energy system (FIPES) concept will be introduced and investigated as a new trend in the integration of MGs. The FIPES-based MGs will be able to supply a high power, including more flexibility in loads, improve power quality, and will be able to integrate an increased number of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to benefit from their dynamic response and/or energy arbitrage. This research develops advanced MG's protections, controls, and automation and helps them merge into one single process. The developed theories of this project can be tailored and broadly developed for many networked-type of systems in other domains, including control engineering applications; advanced naval power systems; communication-based automated energy systems; multi-agent systems; and process control systems. Moreover, the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation systems enhanced here can be broadly utilized. The project will give specific attention to the involvement of underrepresented minorities at Georgia Southern University and Mississippi State University in STEM research and learning. They will be engaged in multidisciplinary topics in modernized power grids with renewables' integration. The project developments will be used to enhance public knowledge through outreach programs and public presentations. Improvement of existing and development of new STEM curriculum topics will be given close consideration.This proposal performs fundamental investigations into synthesis and development of robust and advanced control algorithms, protection schemes, and simulation methodologies for a fully integrated power and energy system (FIPES) concept as the future trend in an MG. This fundamental research will be based on high penetration of fast, bidirectional power electronic converters to fully integrate renewables and BESSs in a multi-infeed ac/dc architecture. Here, the control, stability, performance, and protection objectives are closely tied and shall be addressed integrally by adopting advanced power electronic devices. This research also considers the power quality, in addition to fault-tolerance aspects, and will also investigate and address the associated cybersecurity concerns via an innovative approach that models cyberattacks through fault-tolerant systems. The architectural complexity and components diversity yield to a highly complex dynamical system where the conventional linear approaches are not competitive enough to address the required objectives. They need to be addressed by developing advanced nonlinear and robust approaches which are also able to take into account the coupling dynamics; frequency-variable conditions; and fast, tight time-constants. Therefore, the power system's design and performance goals will be achieved at lower hardware capacities and requirements using hybrid ac/dc structure. This project will thus address those aspects by developing robust, advanced control and protection systems for FIPES-based MGs using an approach that consists of integrating multiple dynamics and deploying nonlinear, dynamical systems theories. Control-/power-hardware-in-the-loop (C/PHIL) testing and digital real-time simulations will be utilized to assess the functionality of proposed control philosophies and protection schemes. As regards the stability and performance of PHIL testing, new improved PHIL methods will be proposed accordingly.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.