Superconductor-(Metal)-Insulator Transitions: Understanding the Emergence of Anomalous Metallic States
超导体-(金属)-绝缘体转变:了解反常金属态的出现
基本信息
- 批准号:1808385
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 64.85万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-06-01 至 2022-05-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Non-Technical Abstract:Conductivity of metals is determined by impurity scattering, and is given by a simple expression known as Drude Formula. As explained by Bardeen-Cooper-Schriefer in their celebrated "BCS" theory, at low temperatures electrons in such metals may also form an exotic state known as a condensate of bosonic Cooper pairs. However, despite the vast experimental data supporting the above "standard paradigm", anomalies in experimental data, particularly in the limit of two-dimensions (2D), have been accumulating. It became clear that there exists a new class of metallic states at low temperatures, where the electronic properties cannot be understood on the basis of existing theories. The project focuses on the investigations of novel metallic states that emerge at low temperature, primarily in proximity to superconducting states. The project includes training of graduate students, and a post-doctoral scholar. The project will also seek to continue this tradition by actively recruiting women graduate students and post-docs to the group, while also maintaining strong international collaborations.Technical Abstract:A metallic state is defined as a state in which the conductivity remains finite as the temperature tends to zero. There is an extraordinarily successful "Fermi liquid theory" of clean 3D metals with long mean free path and relatively weak interactions. In this theory fermionic excitations (quasiparticles) have a finite density of states at the Fermi level, while bosonic excitations (e.g. zero sound) have lesser role at low temperatures, since their contribution to the current is negligible due to their vanishing density of states. The low-T conductivity of relatively pure 3D metals is determined by impurity scattering, and is given by the Drude formula. Another well-established paradigm is the BCS theory of superconductivity, which is based on the idea that under some circumstances electron attraction can dominate the electron repulsion so that at low temperatures electrons form a condensate of bosonic Cooper pairs. It is this condensate that carries the supercurrent. As parameters controlling the electronic environment change, the system may exhibit a superconductor to metal transition, which at zero temperature is a quantum transition. The conventional theory of metals also predict that as the system approaches the BCS superconducting state from the metallic side, its properties in no way reflect the proximity of the superconducting phase, and the conductivity of the system is controlled by the fermionic excitations everywhere in the metallic phase. Despite the vast experimental data supporting the above "standard paradigm", especially on bulk superconductors, anomalies in experimental data, particularly in the limit of two dimensions, have been accumulating. It became clear that there exists a new class of metallic states in the zero-temperature limit, where the electronic properties cannot remotely be understood on the basis of Fermi liquid and Drude theories. This observation by itself is astonishing because it points to a new paradigm for the electronic properties of metals. Exploring the properties of such anomalous metallic states is the focus of this project. This will be done by fabricating a variety of thin-films superconductors, and study their transport properties. While in the past such studies focused solely on longitudinal conductivity measurements, this project will emphasize transverse transport, and will include thermal transport, which can further shed light on the nature of the metallic state. The application of electromagnetic perturbations such as magnetic and RF electric fields will be used to tune through these metallic states, or in some circumstances promote them. The project trains one or two graduate students, one post-doctoral scholar. The project will also seek to continue this tradition by actively recruiting women graduate students and post-docs to the group, while also maintaining strong international collaborations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
非技术摘要:金属的电导率由杂质散射决定,并由一个简单的表达式Drude公式给出。正如巴丁-库珀-施里弗在他们著名的“BCS”理论中所解释的那样,在低温下,这种金属中的电子也可能形成一种奇异的状态,称为玻色子库珀对的凝聚。然而,尽管有大量的实验数据支持上述“标准范式”,但实验数据中的异常,特别是在二维(2D)的限制下,一直在积累。很明显,在低温下存在一类新的金属态,在现有理论的基础上无法理解其电子性质。该项目的重点是研究在低温下出现的新型金属状态,主要是在超导状态附近。该项目包括培训研究生和一名博士后学者。该项目还将继续积极招募女性研究生和博士后加入该团队,同时保持强有力的国际合作。技术摘要:金属状态是指当温度趋于零时,电导率保持有限的状态。有一个非常成功的“费米液体理论”的清洁三维金属与长的平均自由程和相对较弱的相互作用。在这个理论中,费米子激发(准粒子)在费米能级上具有有限的态密度,而玻色子激发(例如零声)在低温下的作用较小,因为它们对电流的贡献可以忽略不计,因为它们的态密度消失了。相对纯的3D金属的低T电导率由杂质散射确定,并由Drude公式给出。另一个广为接受的范例是BCS超导理论,它基于这样的想法,即在某些情况下,电子吸引力可以支配电子排斥力,因此在低温下电子形成玻色子库珀对的凝聚。正是这种凝聚体携带着超电流。当控制电子环境的参数改变时,系统可以表现出超导体到金属的转变,这在零温度下是量子转变。传统的金属理论还预测,当系统从金属侧接近BCS超导态时,其性质决不会反映超导相的接近程度,并且系统的电导率由金属相中各处的费米子激发控制。尽管有大量的实验数据支持上述“标准范式”,特别是在块体超导体,异常的实验数据,特别是在两个维度的限制,一直在积累。 很明显,在零温极限下存在一类新的金属态,其中的电子性质不能根据费米液体和德鲁德理论来理解。这一观察结果本身就令人惊讶,因为它为金属的电子性质指出了一个新的范例。探索这种反常金属态的性质是该项目的重点。这将通过制造各种薄膜超导体来完成,并研究它们的输运性质。虽然在过去这样的研究只集中在纵向电导率测量,这个项目将强调横向传输,并将包括热传输,这可以进一步阐明金属状态的性质。电磁扰动的应用,如磁场和RF电场,将用于调谐这些金属状态,或在某些情况下促进它们。该项目培养一至两名研究生,一名博士后。该项目还将通过积极招募女性研究生和博士后来继续这一传统,同时保持强有力的国际合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Robust anomalous metallic states and vestiges of self-duality in two-dimensional granular In-InOx composites
- DOI:10.1038/s41535-021-00329-2
- 发表时间:2021-03
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.7
- 作者:Xinyang Zhang;B. Hen;A. Palevski;A. Kapitulnik
- 通讯作者:Xinyang Zhang;B. Hen;A. Palevski;A. Kapitulnik
Universal Bound to the Amplitude of the Vortex Nernst Signal in Superconductors
超导体中涡旋能斯特信号振幅的普遍束缚
- DOI:10.1103/physrevlett.126.077001
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:8.6
- 作者:Rischau, Carl Willem;Li, Yuke;Fauqué, Benoît;Inoue, Hisashi;Kim, Minu;Bell, Christopher;Hwang, Harold Y.;Kapitulnik, Aharon;Behnia, Kamran
- 通讯作者:Behnia, Kamran
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Aharon Kapitulnik其他文献
ワイル電子系における軌道由来の負の磁気抵抗とプレーナーホール 効果
外尔电子系统中轨道衍生的负磁阻和平面霍尔效应
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
伏屋雄紀,勝野弘康,Kamran Behnia;Aharon Kapitulnik;浅香雄哉,菊池樹,伏屋雄紀;河村省吾,伏屋雄紀;竹端寛治,今中康貴,山田暉馨 , 伏屋雄紀 ,木下雄斗 ,徳永将史;山田暉馨,伏屋雄紀 - 通讯作者:
山田暉馨,伏屋雄紀
Proposed thermodynamic method to determine the vortex mass in layered superconductors
- DOI:
10.1007/bf00751505 - 发表时间:
1995-08-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.400
- 作者:
Kathryn A. Moler;Alexander L. Fetter;Aharon Kapitulnik - 通讯作者:
Aharon Kapitulnik
ナノスケールのチューリング・パターン:単層ビスマスの形態形成
纳米级图灵图案:单层铋的形态发生
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
伏屋雄紀,勝野弘康,Kamran Behnia;Aharon Kapitulnik - 通讯作者:
Aharon Kapitulnik
BiSb 系におけるトポロジカルヘテロ構造の表面状態
BiSb体系拓扑异质结构的表面态
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
伏屋雄紀,勝野弘康,Kamran Behnia;Aharon Kapitulnik;浅香雄哉,菊池樹,伏屋雄紀 - 通讯作者:
浅香雄哉,菊池樹,伏屋雄紀
量子極限におけるディラック電子の磁化
狄拉克电子在量子极限下的磁化
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
伏屋雄紀,勝野弘康,Kamran Behnia;Aharon Kapitulnik;浅香雄哉,菊池樹,伏屋雄紀;河村省吾,伏屋雄紀 - 通讯作者:
河村省吾,伏屋雄紀
Aharon Kapitulnik的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Aharon Kapitulnik', 18)}}的其他基金
Superconductor-(Metal)-Insulator Transitions: Understanding the Emergence of Metallic States, A Continuation Proposal
超导体-(金属)-绝缘体转变:了解金属态的出现,延续提案
- 批准号:
2307132 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Axion Resonant InterAction Detection Experiment (ARIADNE) - a Renewal Proposal
合作研究:轴子共振相互作用检测实验(ARIADNE)——更新提案
- 批准号:
2110944 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Axion Resonant InterAction DetectioN Experiment (ARIADNE) - a Continuation Proposal
合作研究:轴子共振相互作用检测实验(ARIADNE)——一项延续提案
- 批准号:
1806395 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Axion Resonant InterAction DetectioN Experiment (ARIADNE)
合作研究:轴子共振相互作用检测实验(ARIADNE)
- 批准号:
1510484 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Search for Deviations from Newtonian Gravity at Micron Scale (A Continuation Proposal)
寻找微米尺度上牛顿引力的偏差(延续提案)
- 批准号:
1205236 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Exploring Quantum Effects in Two-Dimensional Multilayered Superconductors
探索二维多层超导体中的量子效应
- 批准号:
1104547 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Search for Deviations from Newtonian Gravity at Micron Scale (a continuation proposal)
寻找微米尺度牛顿引力的偏差(延续提案)
- 批准号:
0854678 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Superconductivity and Proximity Effect in Two-Dimensional Films and Multilayers
二维薄膜和多层膜中的超导性和邻近效应
- 批准号:
0803958 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Search for Gravity-Like Forces at Sub-100 microns Scale
寻找 100 微米以下尺度的类重力
- 批准号:
0554170 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Superconductors, Insulators, Metals and Quantum Phase Transitions in Two-Dimensional Films
二维薄膜中的超导体、绝缘体、金属和量子相变
- 批准号:
0406339 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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EAGER: Enhancing plasmonic mode coupling in metal insulator metal structures
EAGER:增强金属绝缘体金属结构中的等离子体模式耦合
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Superconductor-(Metal)-Insulator Transitions: Understanding the Emergence of Metallic States, A Continuation Proposal
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- 批准号:
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Realizing of non-volatile memory with large capacity and low power consumption by metal-insulator-semiconductor junction composed by phase change material and oxide
利用相变材料和氧化物组成的金属-绝缘体-半导体结实现大容量、低功耗的非易失性存储器
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21K20509 - 财政年份:2021
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CAREER: Electrical and Thermoelectric Transport Beyond the Metal/Insulator Paradigm
职业:超越金属/绝缘体范式的电和热电传输
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Continuing Grant
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- 批准号:
1953803 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
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Investigation of metal-insulator transition and negative thermal expansion in layers ruthenates.
层状钌酸盐中金属-绝缘体转变和负热膨胀的研究。
- 批准号:
19F19057 - 财政年份:2019
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$ 64.85万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows