Collaborative Research: The SuperCDMS SNOLAB Experiment

合作研究：SuperCDMS SNOLAB 实验

• 批准号: 1809730
• 负责人: Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano
• 金额: $ 57万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1809730&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SuperCDMS; SNOLAB; Experiment

Observations indicate that 85% of the matter in the Universe is not made of normal atoms but must be otherwise undetected elementary "dark matter" particles that do not emit or absorb light. Remarkably, particle physics theories proposed for other reasons predict the existence of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) with just the right properties to be this dark matter. If WIMPs are the dark matter, they may be detectable when they scatter in Earth-based detectors. Direct detection of WIMP dark matter would solve a fundamental mystery in particle physics and cosmology, providing a unique window to learning about the primary matter constituents of the Universe and of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Over the past three years, the SuperCDMS collaboration has led the field in the search for low-mass dark matter. The most recent results from CDMSlite reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. These results excluded new parameter space for the dark matter-nucleon spin-independent cross section for dark matter masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/c2. This project will focus on better understanding the response of the signal detectors in a push to make the SuperCDMS yet more sensitive.The SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment will have a broad impact which extends beyond the search for dark matter. The experiment's phonon-mediated detectors have applications in cosmology, astronomy and industry. This effort will contribute opportunities for training of undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. SuperCDMS will engage in education and outreach at local institutions and will coordinate outreach at SNOLAB and the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in South Dakota to increase the broader impact with a focus on secondary education. This award will support participating in SNOLAB-hosted teacher workshops, modifying and providing middle school dark matter education modules to U.S. educators, and maintaining SuperCDMS-related outreach materials for SNOLAB in Canada and SURF. Existing alliances will enable out-reach to Sudbury First Nations communities. This effort will also support post-graduate education and outreach to underrepresented groups.In order to maximize the science output of SuperCDMS SNOLAB, detailed understanding of the response of detectors to potential signals and backgrounds is required. Measurements at two underground facilities (NEXUS at Fermilab and CUTE at SNOLAB) will characterize and calibrate pre-production SuperCDMS SNOLAB detectors and the first production SuperCDMS SNOLAB towers, with supporting measurements from small devices at university test facilities. Resulting data will allow energy scale calibration, measurements of background levels, understanding of the detailed phonon and electron physics of the detectors, development of improved background-rejection techniques, validation and tuning of Detector Monte Carlo, and optimization of SuperCDMS SNOLAB operational parameters. These data should also provide a dark matter search with world-leading sensitivity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

观测表明，宇宙中 85% 的物质不是由正常原子组成，而一定是未被检测到的基本“暗物质”粒子，它们不发射或吸收光。值得注意的是，出于其他原因提出的粒子物理理论预测了弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）的存在，其属性恰好是这种暗物质。如果 WIMP 是暗物质，那么当它们在地球探测器中散射时就可能被探测到。直接探测 WIMP 暗物质将解决粒子物理学和宇宙学中的一个基本谜团，为了解宇宙的主要物质成分和粒子物理学标准模型之外的物理学提供了一个独特的窗口。在过去三年中，SuperCDMS 合作在寻找低质量暗物质领域处于领先地位。 CDMSlite 的最新结果达到了电子反冲能量阈值低至 56 eV。这些结果排除了暗物质质量在 1.6 至 5.5 GeV/c2 之间的暗物质-核自旋无关截面的新参数空间。 该项目将侧重于更好地了解信号探测器的响应，以推动 SuperCDMS 变得更加灵敏。SuperCDMS SNOLAB 实验将产生广泛的影响，其范围将超出寻找暗物质的范围。该实验的声子介导探测器在宇宙学、天文学和工业领域都有应用。这项工作将为本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员的培训提供机会。 SuperCDMS 将参与当地机构的教育和外展活动，并将协调 SNOLAB 和南达科他州桑福德地下研究设施 (SURF) 的外展活动，以扩大以中等教育为重点的更广泛影响。该奖项将支持参加 SNOLAB 主办的教师研讨会、修改并向美国教育工作者提供中学暗物质教育模块，以及为加拿大 SNOLAB 和 SURF 维护与 SuperCDMS 相关的外展材料。现有的联盟将能够扩展到萨德伯里原住民社区。这项工作还将支持研究生教育和对代表性不足群体的推广。为了最大限度地提高 SuperCDMS SNOLAB 的科学产出，需要详细了解探测器对潜在信号和背景的响应。两个地下设施（费米实验室的 NEXUS 和 SNOLAB 的 CUTE）的测量将表征和校准预生产的 SuperCDMS SNOLAB 探测器和第一个生产的 SuperCDMS SNOLAB 塔，并支持大学测试设施中小型设备的测量。所得数据将允许能量标度校准、背景水平测量、了解探测器的详细声子和电子物理、开发改进的背景抑制技术、蒙特卡罗探测器的验证和调整以及SuperCDMS SNOLAB操作参数的优化。这些数据还应提供具有世界领先灵敏度的暗物质搜索。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Single electron–hole pair sensitive silicon detector with surface event discrimination

具有表面事件辨别功能的单电子-空穴对敏感硅探测器

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.163757
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: Hong, Ziqing;Ren, Runze;Kurinsky, Noah;Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali;Wills, Lise;Ganjam, Suhas;Mahapatra, Rupak;Mirabolfathi, Nader;Nebolsky, Brian;Pinckney, H. Douglas
• 通讯作者: Pinckney, H. Douglas

Optimizing Thermal Detectors for Low-Threshold Applications in Neutrino and Dark Matter Experiments

优化中微子和暗物质实验中低阈值应用的热探测器

• DOI: 10.1007/s10909-018-2073-2
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of Low Temperature Physics
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Bastidon, N.;Billard, J.;Figueroa-Feliciano, E.;Heine, S.;Hong, Z.;Pinckney, H. D.
• 通讯作者: Pinckney, H. D.

Nuclear-recoil energy scale in CDMS II silicon dark-matter detectors

CDMS II 硅暗物质探测器中的核反冲能量标度

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.07.028
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: Agnese, R.;Anderson, A.J.;Aramaki, T.;Baker, W.;Balakishiyeva, D.;Banik, S.;Barker, D.;Basu Thakur, R.;Bauer, D.A.;Binder, T.
• 通讯作者: Binder, T.

Production rate measurement of Tritium and other cosmogenic isotopes in Germanium with CDMSlite

• DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.08.006
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: R. Agnese;T. Aralis;T. Aramaki;I. Arnquist;E. Azadbakht;W. Baker;S. Banik;D. Barker;D. Bauer;T. Binder;M. Bowles;P. Brink;R. Bunker;B. Cabrera;R. Calkins;C. Cartaro;D. Cerdeño;D. Cerdeño;Y. -. Chang;J. Cooley;B. Cornell;P. Cushman;T. Doughty;E. Fascione;E. Figueroa-Feliciano;C. Fink;M. Fritts;G. Gerbier;R. Germond;M. Ghaith;S. Golwala;H. R. Harris;Z. Hong;E. Hoppe;L. Hsu;M. Huber;V. Iyer;D. Jardin;A. Jastram;C. Jena;M. Kelsey;A. Kennedy;A. Kubik;N. Kurinsky;R. Lawrence;B. Loer;E. Asamar;P. Lukens;D. MacDonell;D. MacDonell;R. Mahapatra;V. Mandic;N. Mast;E. Miller;N. Mirabolfathi;B. Mohanty;J. D. Mendoza;J. Nelson;J. Orrell;S. Oser;S. Oser;W. Page;W. Page;R. Partridge;M. Pepin;Fernando Ponce;S. Poudel;M. Pyle;H. Qiu;W. Rau;A. Reisetter;R. Ren;T. Reynolds;A. Roberts;A. Robinson;H. Rogers;T. Saab;B. Sadoulet;B. Sadoulet;J. Sander;A. Scarff;A. Scarff;R. Schnee;S. Scorza;K. Senapati;B. Serfass;D. Speller;M. Stein;J. Street;H. Tanaka;D. Toback;R. Underwood;A. Villano;B. Krosigk;B. Krosigk;S. Watkins;J. Wilson;M. J. Wilson;J. Winchell;D. Wright;S. Yellin;Betty A. Young;X. Zhang;Xingbo Zhao

Energy loss due to defect formation from 206 Pb recoils in SuperCDMS germanium detectors

SuperCDMS 锗探测器中 206 Pb 反冲造成的缺陷形成造成的能量损失

• DOI: 10.1063/1.5041457
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Applied Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Agnese, R.;Aralis, T.;Aramaki, T.;Arnquist, I. J.;Azadbakht, E.;Baker, W.;Banik, S.;Barker, D.;Bauer, D. A.;Binder, T.
• 通讯作者: Binder, T.