Novel Aspects of Topological Photonics in Open Optical Systems: Non-Hermiticity and Fano-Resonances

开放光学系统中拓扑光子学的新颖之处：非厄米性和法诺共振

• 批准号: 1809915
• 负责人: Alexander Khanikaev
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1809915&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Novel; Aspects; Topological; Photonics; Open

Nontechnical description: Our ability to control light scattering and propagation is at the core of modern technologies, from lenses in smartphone cameras to optical fiber networks in datacenters. Many advancements in functionality of today's optical components are attained by using new or improved materials. The concept of metamaterials further enables this approach by offering artificially structured materials with properties absent in any natural materials system. One such unique engineered property, known as robustness, is found in specially designed structures referred to as topological metamaterials. Topological metamaterials allow guiding light with unprecedented insensitivity to obstacles and defects, inevitably present in any material or device, thus upending common notions of propagation and scattering of light. Most importantly, topological metamaterials offer a new platform for optical materials and devices exhibiting significantly higher tolerance to fabrication errors. In this project, we aim to design and test such optical devices, whose functionality is tolerant to both fabrication imperfections and environmental factors. This project is interdisciplinary in nature, bridging areas of fundamental and applied sciences. Significant outreach efforts towards high school and undergraduate minority students are planned. Activities for high school students from local schools include summer research conducted in the PI's laboratory through CCNY Summer Science Program.Technical description: Topological photonics offers a fundamentally new vision on optical scattering, which may be exploited to manipulate the phase and amplitude of light in locally non-uniform ways. This suggests that open topological metamaterials with their topological modes leaking into a surrounding medium, such as two-dimensional metasurfaces patterned on the nanoscale, may offer new mechanisms of controlling scattering of light and thus enabling new approaches to generate desirable scattering patterns. On the other hand, the open character of the system, which renders photonic systems non-Hermitian, may itself affect topological properties of metamaterials in a nontrivial way. The goal of this project is to understand aspects of the interplay between topology and non-Hermiticity, and to explore the limits of topological robustness in open systems. Our research reveals the role of leakage of topological modes into free-space, and of their interaction with incident light. Understanding these properties enables a new class of topological optical devices endowed with topological protection. Within this project we aim to design and test topological gratings, metasurfaces, flat-lenses, and vortex phase plates. The proposed research plan bridges areas of fundamental and applied science, optics, photonics, and condensed matter physics. The project presents opportunities for students from high-school to the graduate level to get involved in all stages of research, and to obtain hands-on experience in photonic materials and devices. By opening opportunities in research on topological metamaterials to students, this project further attracts emerging generations to pursue careers in physics and engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术性描述：我们控制光散射和传播的能力是现代技术的核心，从智能手机摄像头的镜头到光纤网络。通过使用新的或改进的材料来实现当今光学部件的功能的许多进步。超材料的概念通过提供具有任何天然材料系统中不存在的特性的人工结构材料来进一步实现这种方法。这种独特的工程特性之一，称为鲁棒性，在被称为拓扑超材料的特殊设计结构中发现。拓扑超材料允许以前所未有的对障碍物和缺陷的不敏感性引导光，这些障碍物和缺陷不可避免地存在于任何材料或设备中，从而颠覆了光的传播和散射的常见概念。最重要的是，拓扑超材料为光学材料和器件提供了一个新的平台，对制造误差表现出更高的容忍度。在这个项目中，我们的目标是设计和测试这样的光学设备，其功能是宽容的制造缺陷和环境因素。该项目是跨学科的性质，基础和应用科学的桥梁领域。计划对高中和本科少数民族学生开展重大外联工作。为当地学校的高中生提供的活动包括通过CCNY暑期科学计划在PI实验室进行的暑期研究。技术描述：拓扑光子学提供了一种全新的光学散射视野，可以利用这种视野以局部非均匀的方式操纵光的相位和振幅。这表明，具有泄漏到周围介质中的拓扑模式的开放拓扑超材料，例如在纳米尺度上图案化的二维超表面，可以提供控制光散射的新机制，从而使新方法能够产生期望的散射图案。另一方面，系统的开放特性，使光子系统的非厄米，本身可能会影响拓扑性质的超材料在一个非平凡的方式。这个项目的目标是了解拓扑和非厄米性之间的相互作用，并探索开放系统中拓扑鲁棒性的限制。我们的研究揭示了泄漏的拓扑模式到自由空间中的作用，以及它们与入射光的相互作用。了解这些属性，使一类新的拓扑光学器件赋予拓扑保护。在这个项目中，我们的目标是设计和测试拓扑光栅，超颖表面，平面透镜和涡旋相位板。 拟议的研究计划将基础科学和应用科学、光学、光子学和凝聚态物理学领域联系起来。该项目为从高中到研究生阶段的学生提供了参与研究各个阶段的机会，并获得了光子材料和器件的实践经验。通过为学生提供拓扑超材料研究的机会，该项目进一步吸引了年轻一代追求物理和工程事业。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Probing the Band Structure of Topological Silicon Photonic Lattices in the Visible Spectrum

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.117401
• 发表时间: 2019-03-21
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Peng, Siying;Schilder, Nick J.;Polman, Albert
• 通讯作者: Polman, Albert

Observation of Hofstadter butterfly and topological edge states in reconfigurable quasi-periodic acoustic crystals

• DOI: 10.1038/s42005-019-0151-7
• 发表时间: 2019-06-06
• 期刊: COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Ni, Xiang;Chen, Kai;Khanikaev, Alexander B.
• 通讯作者: Khanikaev, Alexander B.

Higher-order topological states in photonic kagome crystals with long-range interactions

• DOI: 10.1038/s41566-019-0561-9
• 发表时间: 2020-02-01
• 期刊: NATURE PHOTONICS
• 影响因子: 35
• 作者: Li, Mengyao;Zhirihin, Dmitry;Khanikaev, Alexander B.
• 通讯作者: Khanikaev, Alexander B.

Optical isolator based on chiral light-matter interactions in a ring resonator integrating a dichroic magneto-optical material

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0057558
• 发表时间: 2021-06-14
• 期刊: APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Kawaguchi, Yuma;Li, Mengyao;Khanikaev, Alexander B.
• 通讯作者: Khanikaev, Alexander B.

Demonstration of a quantized acoustic octupole topological insulator

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15705-y
• 发表时间: 2020-04-30
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Ni, Xiang;Li, Mengyao;Khanikaev, Alexander B.
• 通讯作者: Khanikaev, Alexander B.