NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2018

这项行动资助了2018财年的NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金，扩大了生物学中代表性不足的群体的参与。该研究金支持研究员的一项研究和培训计划，该计划将增加在生物学领域代表性不足的群体的参与。最近，人为（人为）感官污染的增加-噪音和夜光-呈现出化石记录中前所未有的条件，并可能从根本上破坏动物与环境相互作用的方式。有限的研究集中在噪音或光线对动物交流和繁殖的单一影响上。然而，在当今人类占主导地位的世界中，人为的噪音和光线通常同时出现，因此了解它们的综合影响是一个紧迫的保护优先事项。这项研究旨在了解人类引起的噪音和光线如何影响鸟类群落的繁殖成功。该研究员将研究巢的位置，筑巢的成功，以及在嘈杂和黑暗，明亮和安静，嘈杂和明亮，安静和黑暗的网站初出茅庐的生存。通过关注几个物种，研究员将能够确定鸟类群落如何随着感官污染而变化，物种内的行为如何变化（即筑巢时间，进食率，运动或回避行为），以及哪些物种更有可能在感官污染区域取得成功。确定人类活动造成的感官污染的后果，为保护野生场所、物种和协调自然与人类互动的空间奠定了基础。研究结果将用于告知国家公园自然声音和夜空司以及土地管理局的合作伙伴，以帮助保护物种并协调人类污染与保护。该项目扩大了生物学中代表性不足或不可见的群体的参与，包括LGBTQ，少数民族和西班牙裔学生，资助多个不同的学生，并允许研究员从事感官生态学和教育推广的新研究。该研究员将指导不同的学生作为她的实地工作人员的一部分，并正在开发感官生态学讲习班，为代表性不足的学生在加州中部。该研究员将测试噪音和光污染对繁殖成功的影响和羽翼未丰的生存在新墨西哥州的鸟类社区通过实施大规模的操纵现场实验与四个处理（噪音，光，光+噪音，控制）。通过测量定居模式，繁殖成功率和活动状态，该研究员将测试将感官刺激与健康变化联系起来的机械途径。将用无线电遥测技术监测雏鸟的存活情况，以测试假设的直接和间接的、捕食者介导的暴露后果。 该研究员预计，噪音会减少孵化和少年的成功，而光增加离合器的大小和供应率，但增加了脆弱性捕食。因此，该研究员预计光+噪声将对健身产生混合影响。该研究员还将招募和培训不同的学生，以获得生物领域的经验，并为K-12学校中代表性不足的学生开展外联和研讨会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2018, Broadening Participation of Groups Under-represented in Biology. The fellowship supports a research and training plan for the Fellow that will increase the participation of groups underrepresented in biology. Recently, the rise in anthropogenic (human-made) sensory pollution - noise and nightlight - present conditions that are unprecedented in the fossil record and could fundamentally disrupt the ways in which animals interact with the environment. Limited research has focused on the singular effects of noise or light on animal communication and reproduction. However, human-made noise and light typically co-occur in today's human-dominated world, thus understanding their combined influence is an urgent conservation priority. This research aims to understand how human-caused noise and light affects reproductive success among a community of birds. The fellow will study nest placement, nesting success, and fledgling survival across noisy and dark, bright and quiet, noisy and bright, and quiet and dark sites. By focusing on several species, the fellow will be able determine how the bird community changes with sensory pollution, how behaviors within species change (i.e. nesting timing, feeding rates, movement or avoidance behaviors), and which species are more likely to succeed in sensory polluted areas. Determining the consequences of sensory pollution caused by anthropogenic activities lays the groundwork for conserving wild places, species, and reconciling spaces where nature and humanity interact. Results will be used to inform partners at the National Parks Division of Natural Sounds and Night Skies and Bureau of Land Management to help protect species and reconcile human pollution with conservation. This project broadens participation of groups underrepresented or invisible in biology, including LGBTQ, minorities and Hispanic students by funding multiple diverse students, and allowing the fellow to engage in novel research in sensory ecology and educational outreach. The fellow will mentor diverse students as a part of her field crew and is developing sensory ecology workshops for underrepresented students in central California.The fellow will test the effects of noise and light pollution on breeding success and fledgling survival of a community of birds in New Mexico by implementing a large-scale manipulative field experiment with four treatments (Noise, Light, Light + Noise, & Control). By measuring settlement patterns, reproductive success, and activity states, the fellow will test mechanistic pathways that link exposure to sensory stimuli to changes in fitness. Fledgling survival will be monitored with radio telemetry to test hypothesized direct and indirect, predator mediated consequences of exposure. The fellow expects noise to decrease hatching and juvenile success, while light increases clutch size and provisioning rates but increases vulnerability to predation. Thus, the fellow expects Light + Noise will have mixed effects on fitness. The fellow will also recruit and train diverse students to gain biological field experience and develop outreach and workshops for underrepresented students in K-12 schools.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.