NeTS: Small: Collaborative Research: Stable and Efficient Peering Through Internet Exchange Points (IXPs)

互联网由数以万计的网络（自治系统）组成，这些网络（自治系统）由互联网服务提供商（isp）运营，它们在互联网交换点（ixp）上相互交换流量，以节省传输成本，并使内容更接近消费者。ixp作为isp交换流量的巨大交换机，在今天的互联网中扮演着重要的角色，因为大部分流量都要通过ixp。在这些ixp上形成的ISP连接和对等关系的稳定性和效率对互联网的长期可持续性和可扩展性至关重要。然而，在当前的实践中，IXP上为流量交换支付的代价通常是由粗糙的静态度量决定的，这可能导致流量流的端到端性能效率低下。该项目旨在通过经济有效的IXP服务定价以及灵活和价值驱动的ISP对等关系，改善IXP（非营利性和营利性IXP）的流量交换和对等解决状态。为了促进稳定和经济上有利的isp间对等关系，本项目将研究以下重要问题。首先，它将探讨交通交换的IXP服务应该如何共享（在非营利模式下）或定价（在营利模式下），以达到均衡的经济效率。其次，它将调查在IXP上付费对等的潜在好处，当流量之间存在显著的不对称时。最后，本文将探讨IXP提供商（通常在不同的共置中心运行）如何促进不同共置中心的isp之间的分组形成，以最大限度地提高整个地理区域的流量总体效率。该项目有望在不久的将来加强对ixp应如何运行的理解，以应对流量交换中速率和不对称的增加，并简化对等过程并使其成为价值驱动的过程。它旨在改善互联网的流量，使内容更贴近用户，从而实现更高的流量速率、更低的成本和更短的内容交付到最终用户的延迟。通过与工业界的合作以及教育与研究的结合，将加强该项目的影响和推广。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Internet comprises tens of thousands of networks (Autonomous Systems) operated by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that exchange traffic with each other at Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), to save on transit costs and bring content closer to their consumers. IXPs act as giant switches for groups of ISPs to exchange traffic and have a significant role in today's Internet as much of the traffic flows through IXPs. Stability and efficiency of ISP connectivity and peering relationships that form at these IXPs are crucial to long-term sustainability and scalability of the Internet. In the current practice, however, the price paid for traffic exchange at an IXP is typically determined by coarse, static measures that can result in end-to-end performance inefficiency in the traffic flows. This project aims to improve the state of traffic exchange and peering settlements at an IXP (for both non-profit and for-profit IXPs) through economically efficient pricing of IXP services coupled with flexible and value-driven ISP peering relationships. Towards fostering stable and economically beneficial inter-ISP peering relationships, this project will investigate the following important questions. Firstly, it will explore how the IXP services for traffic exchange should be shared (in the non-profit model) or be priced (in the for-profit model) so that economic efficiency is attained at equilibrium. Secondly, it will investigate the potential benefits of paid peering at an IXP, when there is significant asymmetry between the traffic flows. Finally, it will explore how IXP providers (which typically operate at different co-location centers) can facilitate formation of groups between ISPs at different co-location centers to maximize overall efficiency of traffic flows across an entire geographical region. This project is expected to enhance the understanding on how IXPs should operate in the near future to cope with the increased rate and asymmetry in traffic exchanges, and streamline the peering process and make it value-driven. It aims to improve traffic flows in the Internet, and bring the content closer to users, resulting in higher traffic rates, lower costs, and lower delays in content delivery to end users. The project's impact and outreach will be strengthened through collaboration with industry, and integration of education with research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.