Parameterizing sub-grid Arctic snow-on-sea-ice processes in Earth System Models using MOSAiC field observations and realistic-resolution process models.

该项目将有助于回答国际北极气候科学界提出的一个关键问题：海冰上的雪在控制北极气候系统中的热量交换方面发挥了什么作用？这项工作将在现场测量、高分辨率建模以及在区域和全球模式中表示高分辨率过程的综合问题上教育年轻科学家。此外，它还将收集高质量的现场测量结果，这些测量结果将在未来几年推动北极系统科学的发展。这项研究将综合三项相互关联的科学贡献：(1)北极气候研究多学科漂移观测站(MOSAIC)实地观测将确定北极气候系统内的主导物理过程、通量和联系。(2)真实分辨率(米尺度)、基于物理的建模工具(例如Micromet、SnowModel、EnBal、SnowPack、SnowTran-3D、SnowDunes、SnowAssim、SeaIce-3D)将量化北极系统各组成部分之间的行为、相互作用和敏感性。(3)实地观测和高分辨率模拟将结合起来，以确定地球系统模型中缺失或表现不佳的部分，并指导社区地球系统模型(CESM)和洛斯阿拉莫斯海冰模型(CICE)相关的与雪相关的过程和通量的参数化。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will help answer one of the key questions being asked by the international Arctic climate-science community: What is the role of snow-on-sea-ice in controlling heat exchanges in the Arctic climate system? This work will educate young scientists in the combined issues of field measurements, high-resolution modeling, and representing high-resolution processes in regional and global models. In addition, it will collect high quality field measurements that will advance Arctic system science for years to come. This research will synthesize three interrelated science contributions: (1) Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) field observations will identify governing physical processes, fluxes, and linkages within the Arctic climate system. (2) Realistic-resolution (meters-scale), physically based modeling tools (e.g., MicroMet, SnowModel, EnBal, SnowPack, SnowTran-3D, SnowDunes, SnowAssim, SeaIce-3D) will quantify the behavior, interactions, and sensitivities among the Arctic system components. (3) Field observations and high-resolution modeling will be integrated to define what is missing or poorly represented in Earth System Models and guide the parameterization of the associated snow-related processes and fluxes for the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.