IPY: Collaborative Research: A Prototype Network for Measuring Arctic Winter Precipitation and Snow Cover (Snow-Net)

IPY：合作研究：测量北极冬季降水和积雪的原型网络（Snow-Net）

• 批准号: 0632133
• 负责人: Glen Liston
• 金额: $ 35.1万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0632133&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IPY; Collaborative; Research; Prototype; Network

A prototype international network is proposed to measure snowfall and ground snow at 5 arctic sites concurrently in an effort to improve the ability to monitor. All of the sites have been identified as key locations in a pan-arctic monitoring network and will augment existing meteorological and snow measuring instrumentation with solid-state snow pillows, heated plate precipitation sensors, snow fences, and eddy correlation towers for computation of sublimation. Ground surveys will also be conducted for snow cover depth, water equivalent, and other properties using tools that allow rapid collection of extensive data. These will be augmented with aerial photography and airborne remote sensing from inexpensive platforms (kites and UAVs) to visualize drift and deposition patterns. The combined suite of instruments and measurements is designed to allow closure of the winter water balance at each site, for the first time balancing the precipitation with measured accumulation. Using a set of modeling tools (e.g., a melt model, and a transport model for blowing snow), the PI's will a) develop methods and algorithms for quality checking both meteorological and snow data by cross-comparison between sensors and instruments, b) close the water balance in a way that produces more accurate values of winter precipitation and snow on the ground than are currently being collected, and c) apply a methodology to historical data from the existing gauge network to produce better estimates of past trends.

建议建立一个原型国际网络，同时测量北极5个地点的降雪和地面积雪，以努力提高监测能力。所有这些地点都已被确定为泛北极监测网络的关键地点，并将用固态雪枕、加热板降水传感器、雪栅栏和用于计算升华的涡旋关联塔来加强现有的气象和积雪测量仪器。还将使用能够快速收集大量数据的工具，对积雪深度、水当量和其他属性进行地面调查。这些将通过航空摄影和来自廉价平台(风筝和无人机)的航空遥感来加强，以可视化漂移和沉积模式。组合的仪器和测量套件旨在允许关闭每个站点的冬季水平衡，首次将降雨量与测量的累积进行平衡。通过使用一套建模工具(例如，融化模型和吹雪的输送模型)，PI将a)通过传感器和仪器之间的交叉比较来开发用于检查气象和雪数据的质量的方法和算法，b)以产生比目前收集的更准确的冬季降水量和地面降雪值的方式来关闭水平衡，以及c)对来自现有量规网络的历史数据应用方法，以便对过去的趋势产生更好的估计。