Collaborative Research: Navigating the New Arctic (NNA): Soundscape ecology to assess environmental and anthropogenic controls on wildlife behavior

合作研究：航行新北极（NNA）：声景生态学评估环境和人为对野生动物行为的控制

• 批准号: 1839195
• 负责人: Glen Liston
• 金额: $ 39.88万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1839195&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Navigating; New; Arctic

Across North America, Arctic and boreal regions have been warming at a rate two to three times higher than the global average. At the same time, human development continues to encroach and intensify, primarily due to demand for natural resources, such as oil and gas. The vast and remote nature of Arctic-boreal regions typify their landscapes, environment, wildlife, and people, but their size and isolation also make it difficult to study how their ecosystems are changing. To overcome these challenges, autonomous recording networks can be used to characterize "soundscapes" - a collection of sounds that emanate from landscapes. Unlike traditional observing methods that are expensive, labor-intensive, and logistically challenging, sound-recording networks provide a cost-effective means to both monitor and understand the response of wildlife to environmental and anthropogenic changes across vast areas. One particular challenge with this sound-measurement approach is extracting useful ecological information from the large volumes of soundscape data that are collected. This project will develop the techniques necessary to overcome this challenge.The researchers' goal is to understand the influence of both environmental dynamics and increasing anthropogenic activity on the behavior and phenology of migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus), waterfowl, and songbird communities in Arctic-boreal Alaska and northwestern Canada. Through co-production of knowledge with local land managers and indigenous communities, the research team will combine field observations, modeling, and analyses that include: (1) soundscape measurements, (2) camera-trap observations, (3) automated soundscape analyses, (4) analyses of camera-trap caribou observations, (5) high-resolution modeling of environmental variables, (6) statistical analyses including wildlife occupancy, diversity, and phenology modeling, and (7) a human-computation game to collect descriptions of our acoustic recordings that allows for the participation of local and Indigenous players of the game. The project will contribute understanding of how both avian communities and caribou populations are responding to spatiotemporal variations in environmental conditions and increasing development of the oil and gas industry in a region where such comprehensive, large-scale research has rarely been possible. Further, at the request of various Tribal organizations, our research will provide insight into how industrial noise influences traditional practices. In addition, our research will provide baseline data on all natural sounds, including data on bird and caribou activity, in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge prior to oil and gas development. These datasets will be available to inform Indigenous practices and natural resource management, as well as facilitate future Environmental Assessments required by land managers and oil and gas developers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在整个北美，北极和北方地区的变暖，比全球平均水平高两到三倍。同时，人类发展继续侵占和加强，这主要是由于对石油和天然气等自然资源的需求。北极地区的广阔而遥远的性质代表其景观，环境，野生动植物和人，但它们的规模和隔离也使研究其生态系统的变化变得困难。为了克服这些挑战，自主记录网络可用于表征“音景” - 从景观中散发出的声音集合。与传统的观察方法不同，昂贵，劳动密集型且具有逻辑上的挑战性，声音录制网络提供了一种经济高效的手段，可以监视和了解野生动植物对整个地区环境和人为变化的反应。这种声音测量方法的一个特别挑战是从收集的大量音景数据中提取有用的生态信息。该项目将开发克服这一挑战所必需的技术。研究人员的目标是了解环境动态的影响，并增加人为活动对迁徙驯鹿（Rangifer Tarandus），水禽，水禽，鸣禽和鸣禽社区对北极 - 北方北阿拉斯加和西北加拿大的行为和物候的影响。 Through co-production of knowledge with local land managers and indigenous communities, the research team will combine field observations, modeling, and analyses that include: (1) soundscape measurements, (2) camera-trap observations, (3) automated soundscape analyses, (4) analyses of camera-trap caribou observations, (5) high-resolution modeling of environmental variables, (6) statistical analyses including野生动植物的占用，多样性和物候建模，以及（7）一款人类兼职游戏，以收集我们的声学录音的描述，这些游戏允许游戏中的本地和土著玩家的参与。该项目将有助于了解禽类社区和驯鹿种群如何应对环境条件下的时空变化，并在一个很少有可能进行的全面，大规模研究的地区增加石油和天然气行业的发展。此外，应各个部落组织的要求，我们的研究将洞悉工业噪声如何影响传统实践。此外，在石油和天然气开发之前，我们的研究将提供有关北极国家野生动物保护区的所有自然声音的基线数据，包括有关鸟类和驯鹿活动的数据。这些数据集将用于为土著实践和自然资源管理提供信息，并促进了土地管理者和石油和天然气开发商所需的未来环境评估。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。