RAPID: Collaborative Research: Marine Ecosystem Response to the Larsen C Ice-Shelf Breakout: "Time zero"

RAPID：合作研究：海洋生态系统对拉森 C 冰架破裂的响应：“零时间”

• 批准号: 1822256
• 负责人: Craig Smith
• 金额: $ 2.61万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1822256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Marine; Ecosystem

Marine ecosystems under large ice shelves are thought to contain sparse, low-diversity plankton and seafloor communities due the low supply of food from productive sunlight waters. Past studies have shown sub-ice shelf ecosystems to change in response to altered oceanographic processes resulting from ice-shelve retreat. However, information on community changes and ecosystem structure under ice shelves are limited because sub-ice-shelf ecosystems have either been sampled many years after ice-shelf breakout, or have been sampled through small boreholes, yielding extremely limited spatial information. The recent breakout of the A-68 iceberg from the Larsen C ice shelf in the western Weddell Sea provides an opportunity to use a ship-based study to evaluate benthic communities and water column characteristics in an area recently vacated by a large overlying ice shelf. The opportunity will allow spatial assessments at the time of transition from an under ice-shelf environment to one initially exposed to conditions more typical of a coastal Antarctic marine setting. This RAPID project will help determine the state of a coastal Antarctic ecosystem newly exposed from ice-shelf cover and will aid in understanding of rates of community change during transition. The project will conduct a 10-day field program, allowing contrasts to be made of phytoplankton and seafloor megafaunal communities in areas recently exposed by ice-shelf loss to areas exposed for many decades. The project will be undertaken in a collaborative manner with the South Korean Antarctic Agency, KOPRI, by participating in a cruise in March/May 2018. Combining new information in the area of Larsen C with existing observations after the Larsen A and B ice shelf breakups further to the north, the project is expected to generate a dataset that can elucidate fundamental processes of planktonic and benthic community development in transition from food-poor to food-rich ecosystems. The project will provide field experience to two graduate students, a post-doctoral associate and an undergraduate student. Material from the project will be incorporated into graduate courses and the project will communicate daily work and unfolding events through social media and blogs while they explore this area of the world that is largely underexplored.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大型冰架下的海洋生态系统被认为含有稀疏，低多样性的浮游生物和海底社区，这是由于生产性阳光水域供应低的食物。过去的研究表明，根据冰链静修会导致的海洋学过程的改变，亚冰架生态系统会改变。但是，有关冰架上社区变化和生态系统结构的信息受到限制，因为在冰架突破后多年对亚冰架生态系统进行了采样，或者通过小钻孔进行了采样，从而产生了极为有限的空间信息。 Weddell Sea西部Larsen C冰架的A-68冰山最近的突破提供了一个机会，可以利用基于船舶的研究来评估最近由大型覆盖冰架腾空的区域中的底栖界和水柱特征。这个机会将允许在从冰架环境过渡到最初暴露于更典型的南极海洋环境的条件下的空间评估。这个快速的项目将有助于确定冰壳覆盖物新暴露的沿海南极生态系统的状态，并有助于理解过渡过程中社区变化的速度。该项目将进行为期10天的现场计划，使对比是由浮游植物和海底巨型巨型社区制成的，该社区最近因冰架损失而暴露于几十年的地区而暴露的地区。 The project will be undertaken in a collaborative manner with the South Korean Antarctic Agency, KOPRI, by participating in a cruise in March/May 2018. Combining new information in the area of​​ Larsen C with existing observations after the Larsen A and B ice shelf breakups further to the north, the project is expected to generate a dataset that can elucidate fundamental processes of planktonic and benthic community development in transition from food-poor to食品丰富的生态系统。该项目将为两名研究生，一名博士后同学和一名本科生提供实地经验。该项目的材料将被纳入研究生课程中，该项目将在探索世界上这一领域的这一领域，通过社交媒体和博客进行交流，并通过社交媒体和博客进行展开活动。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子功能和广泛影响来评估Criteria的智力优点和广泛影响。