Collaborative Proposal: Radiometric Dating of Whale Bones-a Tool for Study of Succession and Persistence of Whale Fall Chemoautotrohic Assemblages

合作提案：鲸鱼骨骼的放射性测年——研究鲸鱼坠落化能自养组合的继承和持续性的工具

• 批准号: 0095904
• 负责人: Craig Smith
• 金额: $ 5.24万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0095904&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Radiometric; Dating; Whale

AbstractOPP-0096422 & OPP-0095904P.I.s David Kadko & Craig SmithThe first discovery of chemoautotrophic community living on a seafloor whale-fall carcass was made in the Santa Catalina Basin in 1987. Subsequent discoveries in the Pacific and the fossil record confirm that such communities are widespread in the modern ocean and have occurred over evolutionary timespans. The communities supported by the whale-fall environment bear taxonomic similarities to other deep-sea reducing environments, such as hydrothermal vents, and may occur with an average spacing of an order of magnitude smaller than that for vent fields. Whale-falls are of biogeographical significance for the following reasons: 1) they enhance the biodiversity of the deep-sea; 2) they can provide insights into the effect of anthropogenic influences, such as sewage sludge emplacement and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the marine environment; and 3) their potential roles as stepping stones for sulfophilic species in the deep-sea. The proposed work will continue to develop radiochemical methods (using thorium, radon and lead isotopes) for estimating the ages of seafloor whalebone communities. Preliminary measurements, using radiochemical methods, performed on known age bone samples yield isotopic ages that are in good agreement with known ages. The proposed work will undertake the following: 1) establishment of a final protocol for the dating techniques previously developed and make this product available to the scientific community; 2) initiate the study of lipid content and lipid characterization on dated bone material to assess the residence time of lipids within fallen whale skeletons; 3) attempt to assess a record of pollution, particularly persistent organic pollutants (PCB, DDT) within well-dated skeletal remains of whales; and 4) determine rates of development, patterns of succession, and persistence times of whale-fall chemoautotrophic communities.

AbstractOpp-0096422＆Opp-0095904p.i.s David Kadko＆Craig Smith首次发现生活在海底鲸鱼的化学自动营养社区，在1987年的圣卡塔利纳盆地是在Seapoil walle-fall carcass中进行的。 鲸鱼倒塌环境支持的社区具有与其他深海减少环境（例如热液通风孔）相似的分类学相似性，并且可能会出现比通气场小小的平均间距的平均间距。 由于以下原因，鲸鱼往下具有生物地理意义：1）它们增强了深海的生物多样性； 2）他们可以提供有关人为影响的影响的见解，例如污泥污泥和持续的有机污染物（POP）对海洋环境的影响； 3）它们的潜在作用是深海中硫基物种的垫脚石。拟议的工作将继续开发放射化学方法（使用thor，ra和铅同位素）来估计海底鲸骨社区的年龄。使用放射化学方法进行的初步测量，对已知年龄骨样品进行的同位素年龄与已知年龄非常吻合。 拟议的工作将承担以下内容：1）建立先前开发的约会技术的最终协议，并使该产品可用于科学界； 2）对过时的骨料材料进行脂质含量和脂质表征的研究，以评估掉落鲸鱼骨骼内脂质的停留时间； 3）试图评估危机中日期的骨骼残留物中污染的记录，尤其是持续的有机污染物（PCB，DDT）； 4）确定发育率，继承模式以及鲸鱼倒置营养社区的持久时间。