SPX: SOPHIA: Support for Opportunistic Parallelism with Heterogeneous Intermittently-powered Accelerators

SPX：SOPHIA：支持异构间歇供电加速器的机会并行

• 批准号: 1822923
• 负责人: John Sampson
• 金额: $ 90万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1822923&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SPX; SOPHIA; Support; Opportunistic; Parallelism

The rise of the Internet of Things relies on increasingly mobile and numerous computing devices, for which battery-based or wired operation is not always feasible and for which energy-harvesting (e.g. solar power) operation may be preferable. There are increasingly important industrial, social, and governmental domains that will profit from adopting energy harvesting or hybrid power solutions, such as health introspection, smart cities, augmented reality sensing, assistive cyber-physical systems, security and defense monitoring, and emergency response, as well as natural synergies with green-computing. Energy-harvesting devices are expected to be numerous, but unreliable, and thus offer both an opportunity and challenge in their use as a parallel computing infrastructure. This project develops new interfaces spanning from software through hardware that allow energy-harvesting devices equipped with on-chip nonvolatile memory to be treated as parallel computing accelerators, while maintaining system level reliability. This project integrates research with education by training graduate students and undergraduate honors students in overcoming the cross-layer challenges, from circuits through system software, in utilizing computation platforms that experience frequent power interruptions.This project addresses three open challenges in parallel computing using energy-harvesting powered systems: 1) A lack of coherence and synergy between hardware and software in terms of forward progress guarantees; 2) An overfocus on serial execution scenarios that has not lent itself to parallelism in energy-harvesting systems; and 3) the ad-hoc nature of previous efforts to explore the design space of architectural support for energy-harvesting systems. The project introduces four new foundational abstractions to address these open questions: 1) an unified, cross-layer hardware-software interface for metering and managing forward progress; 2) a set of fair and parallel forward progress metrics; 3) an exposed cross-layer interface for reasoning about approximate forward progress; and 4) an offload-based model for nonvolatile processors (NVPs), wherein NVPs can be viewed as accelerators for "opportunistic computation." Project results include the validation of these abstractions, a systematic mapping of the design space of hardware-supported approximate and heterogeneous energy-harvesting opportunistic computation accelerators, and the development and public distribution of the new software tools and simulation infrastructure necessary to model complex software systems executing on energy-harvesting accelerators.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

物联网的兴起依赖于越来越多的移动和众多计算设备，对这些设备来说，基于电池或有线的操作并不总是可行的，而能量收集(例如太阳能)操作可能是更可取的。越来越重要的工业、社会和政府领域将从采用能源收集或混合动力解决方案中受益，例如健康自省、智能城市、增强现实传感、辅助网络物理系统、安全和防御监测、紧急响应，以及与绿色计算的自然协同效应。能量收集设备预计会很多，但不可靠，因此在将其用作并行计算基础设施方面既提供了机会，也带来了挑战。该项目开发了从软件到硬件的新接口，允许配备片上非易失性存储器的能量采集设备被视为并行计算加速器，同时保持系统级的可靠性。该项目将研究与教育相结合，通过培训研究生和本科生克服跨层挑战，从电路到系统软件，利用经常经历电力中断的计算平台。该项目解决了使用能量收集供电系统的并行计算中的三个公开挑战：1)在前进进度保证方面，硬件和软件之间缺乏一致性和协同性；2)过度关注没有使其本身在能量收集系统中并行性的串行执行场景；以及3)先前探索能量收集系统的架构支持的设计空间的特别性质。该项目引入了四个新的基础抽象来解决这些开放的问题：1)用于测量和管理前进进度的统一、跨层的硬件-软件接口；2)一组公平和并行的前进进度度量；3)公开的跨层接口，用于推理近似的前进进度；以及4)用于非易失性处理器(NVP)的基于卸载的模型，其中NVP可被视为“机会主义计算”的加速器。项目成果包括对这些抽象概念的验证，对硬件支持的近似和异质能量收集机会计算加速器的设计空间的系统映射，以及对在能量收集加速器上执行的复杂软件系统进行建模所需的新软件工具和模拟基础设施的开发和公开分发。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Robust Multimodal Depth Estimation using Transformer based Generative Adversarial Networks

• DOI: 10.1145/3503161.3548418
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Multimedia
• 作者: Md Fahim Faysal Khan;Anusha Devulapally;Siddharth Advani;N. Vijaykrishnan

Design Insights of Non-volatile Processors and Accelerators in Energy Harvesting Systems

• DOI: 10.1145/3386263.3407596
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 2020 on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI
• 作者: Keni Qiu;Mengying Zhao;Zhenge Jia;J. Hu;C. Xue;Kaisheng Ma;Xueqing Li;Yongpan Liu;V. Narayanan-V.-Naraya

ResiRCA: A Resilient Energy Harvesting ReRAM Crossbar-Based Accelerator for Intelligent Embedded Processors

• DOI: 10.1109/hpca47549.2020.00034
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: 2020 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)
• 作者: Keni Qiu;N. Jao;Mengying Zhao;Cyan Subhra Mishra;Gulsum Gudukbay;Sethu Jose;Jack Sampson;M. Kandemir

Integrated CAM-RAM Functionality using Ferroelectric FETs

使用铁电 FET 的集成 CAM-RAM 功能

• DOI: 10.1109/isqed48828.2020.9136998
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: 2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED
• 作者: George, Sumitha;Jao, Nicolas;Ramanathan, Akshay Krishna;Li, Xueqing;Gupta, Sumeet Kumar;Sampson, John;Narayanan, Vijaykrishnan
• 通讯作者: Narayanan, Vijaykrishnan

An architecture interface and offload model for low-overhead, near-data, distributed accelerators

用于低开销、近数据、分布式加速器的架构接口和卸载模型

• DOI: 10.1109/micro56248.2022.00083
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 2022 55th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO
• 作者: Baskaran, Saambhavi;Kandemir, Mahmut Taylan;Sampson, Jack
• 通讯作者: Sampson, Jack