CNH-L: Stormwater Management Across Urban Ecosystems: Diagnostic Tools and Community Engagement for Ecological Restoration, Equitable Community Development and Revitalization

摘要城市化带来的氮、磷和沉积物过量对许多地区的水质和环境健康构成威胁。该项目将研究如何通过更好的雨水管理来改善城市流域。该研究将考察华盛顿特区和马里兰州巴尔的摩的两个流域，这两个流域拥有不同程度的城市衰败和复兴。它将比较不同的技术和社会干预措施在减少不健康过程和环境与人之间的反馈方面的有效性。具体的研究目标和活动是：(1)记录社区的问题和需求，为雨水最佳管理实践提供信息；(2)评价流域内雨水的数量和质量、洪水风险、垃圾堆积和蚊虫产生；(3)开发利用地理信息系统（GIS）指导流域管理的工具；4)增强社区改善水质和保护城市绿地的意识和积极行为。该项目将开发和评估促进可持续水资源的做法，并帮助教育参与者，从教师到学生再到所有居民，其中许多人是少数民族，在社会、经济和教育方面处于不利地位，了解解决水可持续性问题的过程和战略。它将培养跨学科的研究生和本科生，学习互动社会、生物和生态系统科学，因为他们与水资源可持续性、社区规划、蚊子生态学和环境正义有关。本项目探讨了流域营养物污染的主要生物物理和社会驱动因素，以及与建筑环境的社会生态矩阵、城市衰败和复兴以及居民态度和行为相关的相关因素。暴雨-人类耦合动力学有潜力成为发展关于城市生态系统的新的社会生态理论、改善生活质量和环境正义以及启动可持续的面向社区的自然系统管理的标志性模型。该项目整合了社会科学、城市规划、水文科学、生态学、成人和青年教育以及环境正义等领域所需的专业知识和理论，以明确表征雨水-人类系统。本研究结合了人类行为和雨水数量和质量的社会人口测量来动态模拟污染热点，评估干预措施的有效性，并明确量化这些变量的反馈。它代表了在城市环境中耦合污染-人类动态知识的进步，并为城市规划、补救和公共卫生提供了有价值的信息。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

AbstractExcess nitrogen, phosphorous and sediment associated with urbanization is a threat to water quality and environmental health in many locations. This project will investigate how urban watersheds can be improved through better stormwater management. The research will examine two watersheds in Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland that possess different degrees of urban decay and revitalization. It will compare the effectiveness of different interventions, both technical and social, at reducing unhealthy processes and feedbacks between the environment and people. Specific research objectives and activities are to: (1) document neighborhood issues and needs in informing stormwater best-management practices; (2) evaluate stormwater volume and quality, flooding risk, trash accumulation, and mosquito production within the watersheds; (3) develop a tool that uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to guide watershed management; and 4) enhance community awareness and positive behaviors to improve water quality and protect urban green space. This project will develop and evaluate practices that foster sustainable water resources and help educate participants, from teachers to students to all residents, many of whom are racial and ethnic minorities and socially, economically, and educationally disadvantaged, on processes and strategies involved in addressing water sustainability. It will train interdisciplinary graduate and undergraduate students in interactive social, biological, and ecosystem sciences as they relate to water resources sustainability, neighborhood planning, mosquito ecology, and environmental justice. This project addresses key biophysical and social drivers of nutrient pollution in watersheds, and the associated factors related to the socio-ecological matrix of the built environment, urban decay and revitalization, and resident attitudes and behaviors. Coupled stormwater-human dynamics have the potential to become a signature model for developing new socio-ecological theory about urban ecosystems, improving quality of life and environmental justice, and initiating sustained community-oriented management of natural systems. This project integrates the required expertise and theory from social science, city planning, hydrological science, ecology, adult and youth education, and environmental justice to explicitly characterize stormwater-human systems. This research combines socio-demographic measures of human behavior and stormwater quantity and quality to dynamically model pollution hot spots, assess the efficacy of interventions, and explicitly quantify the feedback of these variables. It represents an advance in the knowledge of coupled pollution-human dynamics in an urban context and provide valuable information for urban planning, remediation, and public health.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.