CNH-RCN: A Research Network for the Resilience of Headwater Systems and Water Availability for Downstream Communities Across the Americas

CNH-RCN：美洲下游社区水源系统弹性和水资源可用性研究网络

• 批准号: 1826709
• 负责人: Jan Boll
• 金额: $ 49.99万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-11-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1826709&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; RCN; Research; Network; Resilience

Worldwide, human communities rely on water storage from glaciers, snowpack, and groundwater in watersheds at high elevations, called headwater stream watersheds. Water supply amount and variability from headwater watersheds to downstream communities are predicted to shift with environmental change. These shifts threaten long-term water security related to domestic water use, agriculture, and energy production. Foundational science is needed to understand how water storage in headwaters will change and how downstream communities will adapt to those changes. This award will study how headwater dependent systems water storage changes by coupling knowledge of watershed hydrology, climatology and downstream human development in multiple watersheds across a latitudinal transect across North and South America. This research coordination network will focus on three dominant headwater storage types from Canada to southern Chile: 1) glaciers; 2) seasonal snowpack; and 3) rain-fed. This network includes coordination of researchers and practitioners who can translate the new knowledge into practical strategies. The project will provide education and training opportunities for university students and participants.This research coordination network award will catalyze innovative research to advance the understanding of: 1) hydro-climatic processes that influence headwater storage; 2) the socio-economic context and processes for adaptation to changing headwater supplies; 3) ecosystem service delivery and value from headwater watersheds to downstream human systems; 4) effects of human and natural drivers of change on downstream communities; and 5) integrative modeling capacity for evaluating adaptation scenarios. US and international participants with diverse research expertise, regional knowledge, and access to data and field sites will explore connections within and between systems along the transect and opportunities for building research collaboration and intellectual capacity through education activities. This project will couple advances in the study of stable isotopes in atmospheric and terrestrial freshwater and modeling of water balance processes across headwater types with a deeper understanding of socio-economic development in downstream communities, and create an integrated evaluation of social and ecological system processes for science-based interventions toward climate adaptation. The project will launch a broad effort to synthesize lessons learned by universities with interdisciplinary social-environmental programs and invite participants to join our network.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在世界范围内，人类社区依靠冰川、积雪和高海拔集水区地下水的蓄水，这些集水区称为源头溪流分水岭。预计从源头流域到下游社区的供水量和可变性将随着环境的变化而变化。这些变化威胁到与生活用水、农业和能源生产相关的长期水安全。需要基础科学来了解水源的蓄水量将如何变化，以及下游社区将如何适应这些变化。该奖项将研究依赖水源的系统如何通过结合流域水文学、气候学和下游人类发展的知识，在横跨北美和南美洲的纬向横断面的多个流域中发生变化。该研究协调网络将侧重于从加拿大到智利南部的三种主要水源储存类型：1)冰川；2)季节性积雪；3)雨水补给。这个网络包括研究人员和从业人员的协调，他们可以将新知识转化为实际战略。该项目将为大学生和参与者提供教育和培训机会。这一研究协调网络奖将促进创新研究，以促进对以下问题的理解：1)影响水源储存的水文气候过程；2)适应不断变化的水源供应的社会经济背景和过程；3)从源头流域到下游人类系统的生态系统服务交付和价值；4)人类和自然变化驱动因素对下游社区的影响；以及5)评估适应情景的综合建模能力。美国和国际参与者拥有不同的研究专业知识、地区知识，并可以访问数据和现场站点，他们将探索横断面系统内部和系统之间的联系，以及通过教育活动建立研究合作和智力能力的机会。该项目将在大气和陆地淡水稳定同位素研究和跨水源类型的水平衡过程建模方面取得进展，同时更深入地了解下游社区的社会经济发展，并为气候适应的科学干预创建社会和生态系统过程的综合评估。该项目将发起一项广泛的努力，将大学吸取的经验教训与跨学科的社会环境项目结合起来，并邀请参与者加入我们的网络。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Streamflow–concentration relationships of surface water in the Choapa basin: historical analysis and projections under climate change

乔帕盆地地表水的径流与浓度关系：气候变化下的历史分析和预测

• DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2023.2212167
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Hydrological Sciences Journal
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hernandez, Vanessa;Arumí, José Luis;Boll, Jan;Duhalde, Denisse;MacDonell, Shelley;Oyarzún, Ricardo
• 通讯作者: Oyarzún, Ricardo

Deciphering key processes controlling rainfall isotopic variability during extreme tropical cyclones

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12062-3
• 发表时间: 2019-09
• 期刊: Nature Communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: R. Sánchez‐Murillo;A. Durán‐Quesada;G. Esquivel‐Hernández;Daniela Rojas-Cantillano;C. Birkel;K. Welsh;M. Sánchez-Llull;C. Alonso-Hernández;D. Tetzlaff;C. Soulsby;J. Boll;N. Kurita;K. Cobb

Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

• DOI: 10.1029/2023jg007554
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: R. Sánchez-Gutiérrez;R. Sánchez‐Murillo;G. Esquivel‐Hernández;C. Birkel;J. Boll;L. Rojas‐Jiménez;L. Castro-Chacón

Tracer‐aided ecohydrological modelling across climate, land cover, and topographical gradients in the tropics

Tracer 辅助热带地区气候、土地覆盖和地形梯度的生态水文建模

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14884
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Arciniega‐Esparza, Saul;Birkel, Christian;Durán‐Quesada, Ana María;Sánchez‐Murillo, Ricardo;Moore, Georgianne W.;Maneta, Marco P.;Boll, Jan;Negri, Laura Benegas;Tetzlaff, Dörthe;Yoshimura, Kei
• 通讯作者: Yoshimura, Kei