Interactions between flow hydrodynamics and biofilm attributes and functioning in streams

流动流体动力学与生物膜属性和溪流功能之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 234419168
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Lorke
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Fließgewässerökologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/234419168?language=en
• 关键词: Interactions; between; flow; hydrodynamics; biofilm

Biofilms constitute an integral part of aquatic ecosystems and are controlled by many factors such as light, grazing, resource availability, water chemistry and flow conditions. Natural mountainous streams exhibit a heterogeneous river bed ranging from boulders to small sediment grains like sand and thus provoking high spatio-temporal variability of the flow field. Here, flow hydrodynamics become a dominant factor shaping biofilm morphology such as biomass and architecture and controlling biofilm community composition through drag forces on the one side and supply of resources through mass transfer processes on the other. Current knowledge of the interactions between flow hydrodynamics and biofilm attributes is based on a few idealized case studies and is lacking a link to the consequences for stream ecosystem functioning like, e.g., nitrogen uptake. Previous studies have been restricted to flume experiments where the highly complex flow field of natural streams can not be reconstructed to the full extent. In a novel approach we are aiming at linking detailed investigations on river bed heterogeneity and associated development of flow fields to biofilm characteristics and the consequences for nitrogen uptake. In order to avoid artefacts of mesocosm studies we will conduct experiments and measurements in both, field and mesocosm environments, thereby providing the advantages of real stream scale results and detailed flume studies on basic processes of mass transfer. Furthermore, we will integrate not only results from the river patch scale but also the role of biofilms on the river reach scale. This highly interdisciplinary research will provide mechanistic understanding of nitrogen uptake of biofilms under varying flow conditions and will thereby extend current knowledge on the regulation of whole stream ecosystems processes in mountainous streams.

生物膜构成了水生生态系统不可或缺的一部分，并受到许多因素的控制，例如光，放牧，资源可用性，水化学和流动条件。天然山间的溪流表现出一个异质的河床，从巨石到沙子等小沉积物谷物，从而引起流场的高时空变异性。在这里，流体动力学成为塑造生物膜形态的主要因素，例如生物量和建筑，并通过一侧的阻力来控制生物膜社区组成，并通过另一侧的传质过程提供资源。当前对流体动力学与生物膜属性之间相互作用的知识是基于一些理想化的案例研究，并且缺乏与流对流生态系统功能的后果联系，例如氮的吸收。先前的研究仅限于水槽实验，在这些实验中，天然流的高度复杂流场无法完全重建。在一种新颖的方法中，我们旨在将有关河床异质性的详细研究和相关的流场发展与生物膜特征以及氮摄取的后果联系起来。为了避免使用中验研究的人工制品，我们将在田间和中库环境中进行实验和测量，从而提供真实水平尺度结果的优势以及有关质量转移基本过程的详细水槽研究。此外，我们不仅将整合河斑块量表的结果，而且还将生物膜在河流范围内的作用。这项高度跨学科的研究将提供对不同流量条件下生物膜摄取的氮摄取的机械理解，从而扩展有关山流中整个流生态系统过程的当前知识。

项目成果

Triangulation hand‐held laser‐scanning (TriHaLaS) for micro‐ and meso‐habitat surveys in streams

用于溪流中微观和中观栖息地调查的三角测量手持式激光扫描 (TriHaLaS)

• DOI: 10.1002/esp.4310
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Wilkinson

The role of hydrodynamics in shaping the composition and architecture of epilithic biofilms in fluvial ecosystems.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.054
• 发表时间: 2017-12
• 期刊: Water research
• 影响因子: 12.8
• 作者: Ute Risse‐Buhl;Christine Anlanger;K. Kalla;T. Neu;C. Noss;A. Lorke;M. Weitere

Performance of the Vectrino Profiler at the sediment–water interface

Vectrino 剖面仪在沉积物-水界面处的性能

• DOI: 10.1080/00221686.2016.1275049
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of Hydraulic Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Anlanger