Acoustic observation of the spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton in Lake Constance: The driving mechanisms and ecological consequences of patchiness

博登湖浮游动物时空分布的声学观测：斑块化的驱动机制和生态后果

• 批准号: 5453496
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Lorke
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Umweltwissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5453496?language=en
• 关键词: Acoustic; observation; spatial; temporal; distribution

The spatial and temporal scales of variability of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish abundances will be investigated simultaneously by combining different remote sensing techniques. Major technological advances will be achieved by the evaluation and calibration of the acoustic backscatter signal from common Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) for the in situ observation of zooplankton. Typical scales of horizontal patchiness will be estimated from the measurements. The formation, maintenance and dynamics of the patches will be investigated with special emphasize on the relative importance of abiotic (currents, large-scale circulation, internal waves, turbulence and diffusion) and biotic (swimming, shoaling, swarming, migration, differential growth) mechanisms. Further, the ecological consequences of the patchiness in all three food-web compartments will be discussed in terms of trophic interactions as well as in terms of predator-prey encounter rates and avoidance strategies. The measurements will cover the seasonal variability of the physical forcing and the biological activity, and they will be supplemented by numerical modeling and simulations.

将结合不同的遥感技术，同时调查浮游植物、浮游动物和鱼类丰度变化的空间和时间尺度。通过评价和校准普通声学多普勒海流剖面仪的声学后向散射信号，将取得重大的技术进步，以便对浮游动物进行现场观测。水平斑块的典型尺度将从测量中估计。斑块的形成、维持和动态将得到研究，特别强调非生物（水流、大规模环流、内波、湍流和扩散）和生物（游泳、浅水、群集、迁移、差异生长）机制的相对重要性。此外，斑块在所有三个食物网隔间的生态后果将讨论营养相互作用，以及在捕食者-猎物的遭遇率和避免策略。测量将涵盖物理强迫和生物活动的季节性变化，并将辅以数值建模和模拟。