Interdisciplinary Research and Training at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Program

地球物理流体动力学（GFD）暑期课程于1959年在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所开始，目的是向物理科学研究生介绍数学物理学中一个相对较新的课题，即地球物理流体动力学。它每年夏天举行，促进了许多不同领域之间的思想交流，这些领域对具有与海洋相似性质和动力学的旋转分层流体的动力学有着共同的兴趣。这是一个为期十周的跨学科研究和培训计划，进入其活动的第六个十年。就其本质而言，GFD计划促进了来自不同背景和不同职业阶段的研究人员之间科学成果的传播和交流。来自不同学科的新技术很容易跨越学科边界，研究和培训之间的团结和协同作用的文化传递给研究员。该计划通常是研究员在博士后水平及以后遇到潜在雇主的关键机制，从而扩大了他们的科学网络。GFD计划具有全球吸引力，在过去，通过在职业生涯的关键形成时刻接触美国研究界，吸引了非常有才华的年轻科学家到美国从事博士后研究和学术职位。为拟议的五年周期选定的专题在学科领域和整个社会都具有广泛的影响。简而言之，GFD计划是一个管道，通过它，最近的数学进步可以改善对全球气候系统的描述，这是一个至关重要的社会问题。最后，每年的GFD公开讲座针对普通观众向当地社区介绍了GFD的科学。GFD计划提供了一个独特的激励和支持环境，以便在广泛的学科中交流思想和方法，包括应用数学，海洋学，流体动力学，地球物理学，地质学，气象学，天体物理学，行星科学，工程学和物理学。研究和研究生培训齐头并进：一小群优秀的研究生（通常为10人）被称为“研究员”，负责在夏季的大部分时间里进行高级项目，并在最后一周以口头和书面报告的形式展示他们的成果。研究员的研究项目由GFD工作人员单独或联合监督-一群来自GFD所代表的不同领域的学者的夏季参与者-从而经常催化来自不同领域的多名顾问和研究员之间的新的持久和富有成效的合作，实际上是研究员本身。此外，研究员的研究视野自然会因这种集中的方式而扩大，既有机会接触到与其论文所依据的研究领域不同的研究领域，也有机会接触到与他们以前使用的技术不同的技术（数学、数值或实验）。跨越传统学术界限的工作经验是GFD计划培训的核心和非常有价值的部分，并为研究员在新兴研究领域的未来学术生涯做好准备。每年，该计划都侧重于与地球物理流体动力学相关的“主题”，通常被选为解决具有直接社会相关性和多学科性质的紧急关键研究挑战。夏季以为期两周的主题密集主要讲座开始，通常由两名或两名以上公认的专家提供。此后，每天由受邀参观者和工作人员举办研讨会。2019-2023年的拟议主题是：分层湍流和海洋混合过程，GFD中的数据驱动建模，系外GFD，多尺度建模：与海洋次中尺度的联系，以及GFD中的变分方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (GFD) Summer Program began in 1959 at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution with the aim of introducing a then relatively new topic in mathematical physics, geophysical fluid dynamics, to graduate students in physical sciences. It has been held each summer since and promotes an exchange of ideas among the many distinct fields that share a common interest in the dynamics of rotating, stratified fluids with similar properties and dynamics as the oceans. It is a ten-week program of interdisciplinary research and training entering its 6th decade of activity. By its very nature, the GFD program promotes the dissemination and exchange of scientific results among researchers from different backgrounds and at different career stages. New techniques from different disciplines are readily transferred across disciplinary borders, and a culture of unity and synergy between research and training is passed on to the fellows. The program often is the crucial mechanism by which the fellows meet prospective employers at the postdoctoral level and beyond, thus broadening their scientific network. The GFD program has global appeal and in the past, has attracted extremely talented young scientists to the US for postdoctoral research and academic positions through exposure to the US research community at a key formative moment in their careers. The topics selected for the proposed five-year cycle have strong broader impacts both in the disciplinary fields and to society at large. In a nutshell, the GFD Program acts as a conduit through which recent mathematical advances can improve the description of the global climate system, an issue of vital and important societal concern. Finally, the annual GFD Public Lecture targeted toward a general audience introduces the local community to the science of GFD.The GFD program provides a uniquely stimulating and supportive environment for cross-pollination of ideas and approaches among a wide range of subjects including applied mathematics, oceanography, fluid dynamics, geophysics, geology, meteorology, astrophysics, planetary science, engineering, and physics. Research and graduate training go hand in hand: a small group of outstanding graduate students (typically ten) known as "fellows" are charged with conducting advanced projects for the bulk of the summer and presenting their results in both oral and written reports during the final week. The fellows' research projects are individually or jointly supervised by members of the GFD staff -- a group of summer-long participants who are academics from the diverse fields represented at GFD -- and thereby often catalyze new long-lasting and productive collaborations among multiple advisors from varying fields and the fellows, and indeed among the fellows themselves. Furthermore, the fellows' research horizons are naturally broadened by working in such a concentrated fashion, both in terms of exposure to different research fields from those on which their theses are based, and in terms of the exposure to different techniques (mathematical, numerical or experimental) from those they have previously employed. The experience of working across traditional academic boundaries is a central, and highly valuable part of the training in the GFD program, and prepares the fellows well for future academic careers in emergent research fields. Each year, the program has a focus on a "theme" relevant to geophysical fluid dynamics, often selected to address an emergent key research challenge with immediate societal relevance and multidisciplinary character. The summer opens with two weeks of intensive principal lectures on the theme, typically given by two or more acknowledged experts. Thereafter, daily seminars are given by invited visitors and the staff. For 2019-2023 the proposed themes are: Stratified Turbulence and Ocean Mixing Processes, Data-driven Modeling in GFD, Exoplanetary GFD, Multiscale Modeling: Links to the Ocean Submesoscale, and Variational Methods in GFD.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.