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Entanglement Physics of Quantum f-electron Materials

量子f电子材料的纠缠物理

基本信息

批准号：
1830707
负责人：
Piers Coleman
金额：
$ 54万
依托单位：
Rutgers University New Brunswick
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-02-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1830707&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Entanglement Physics Quantum electron Materials

项目摘要

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics and quantum matter.The behavior of matter on atomic scales is governed by quantum mechanics, which describes the motion of particles as a wave, evolving according to the Schrodinger wave equation. While the application of this equation to isolated electrons is fully understood, the corresponding many-body version of this equation that governs the collective quantum behavior of electrons inside matter is far too complex to be solved in detail. The astronomical scale of this complexity may be grasped by noting that the number of electrons in a pound of iron is larger than the number of stars in the known universe.One of the strange manifestations of quantum mechanics is a phenomenon known as entanglement, whereby remote electrons in a material intimately correlate their motion. The unexpected collective behavior of electrons that results from this entanglement has the capacity to endow quantum matter with emergent properties, such as magnetism, superconductivity, or superfluidity, and many more that are presumably not yet discovered. The quest to understand and manipulate these emergent properties, and to relate them to the underlying quantum mechanics is a key goal of modern condensed matter physics.The award supports research in the area of f-electron materials, a unique class of metals that can be fine-tuned to the brink of magnetism where they develop a special quantum state called a "Quantum Critical Point". Quantum critical points can be thought of as a kind of electronic stem cell - a state of matter that can easily transform itself into a broad class of novel quantum phases, such as unconventional superconductors. By developing a new mathematical description of these quantum critical points and the phases they can transform into, the PI aims to gain a new understanding of the physics of quantum materials.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts. TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics, in the subfield of f-electron physics. The research has three main subheadings: 1) New approach to quantum criticality: Using a new Schwinger boson method, and working in conjunction with experimentalists, the research team will develop a theory of ferromagnetic quantum criticality in heavy-electron materials. This work will be extended to antiferromagnets and will be used to compute the generalized phase diagram of heavy fermions. The research team will develop a theory for the co-existence of magnetism and the Kondo effect. By extending early work of Larkin and Pikin, the research will develop a theory for the quantum annealing of finite-temperature first-order phase transitions into quantum critical points at absolute zero. 2) Analytic-computational approach to entanglement & novel order in rare-earth materials: Working with theorists at the Flatiron Institute, New York, the research team will apply Matrix Product State approaches to simple one- and two-dimensional Kondo lattices, focusing on the low-entanglement case of the Kondo insulator, using these methods to establish and explore the composite nature of heavy fermions.3) A new approach to Raman and Photoemission phenomenology: Generalizing the theory of optical lattices to crystal fields, the research will develop a theory of the Raman interaction of light with crystal-field levels in f-electron materials. A new criterion for measuring the degree of localization of f-electrons using angle-resolved and core-level x-ray photoemission will be developed.Graduate students and postdocs will be involved in an essential way in the research, and will be mentored and trained in a broad range of theoretical techniques. The PI also plans to write a popular book introducing the frontier of quantum condensed matter physics to non-experts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术总结该奖项支持f电子物理和量子物质子领域中凝聚态物理的理论研究和教育。物质在原子尺度上的行为受量子力学支配，量子力学将粒子的运动描述为波，根据薛定谔波动方程演化。虽然这个方程对孤立电子的应用已经完全理解，但对应的多体版本的这个方程，它支配着物质中电子的集体量子行为，太复杂了，无法详细解决。通过注意一磅铁中电子的数量比已知宇宙中恒星的数量，可以理解这种复杂的天文规模。量子力学的一种奇怪表现是一种被称为纠缠的现象，即物质中遥远的电子与它们的运动密切相关。这种纠缠产生的意想不到的电子集体行为，有能力赋予量子物质新的性质，如磁性、超导电性或超流性，以及许多推测尚未发现的性质。探索理解和操纵这些新出现的性质，并将它们与基本的量子力学联系起来，是现代凝聚态物理学的一个关键目标。该奖项支持f电子材料领域的研究，f电子材料是一种独特的金属类别，可以微调到磁性的边缘，在那里它们会形成一种特殊的量子态，称为“量子临界点”。量子临界点可以被认为是一种电子干细胞-一种物质的状态，可以很容易地将自己转变为一大类新的量子相，例如非传统超导体。通过对这些量子临界点和它们可以转变成的相进行新的数学描述，PI旨在对量子材料的物理有一个新的理解。研究生和博士后将以一种基本的方式参与研究，并将在广泛的理论技术方面进行指导和培训。国际和平研究所还计划写一本畅销书，向非专家介绍量子凝聚态物理的前沿。技术总结该奖项支持f电子物理子领域中凝聚态物理的理论研究和教育。这项研究有三个主要副标题：1)量子临界性的新方法：研究小组将使用一种新的Schwinger玻色子方法，并与实验者合作，开发一种重电子材料中的铁磁量子临界性理论。这项工作将扩展到反铁磁体，并将用于计算重费米子的广义相图。研究小组将开发一种关于磁性和近藤效应共存的理论。通过扩展Larkin和Pikin的早期工作，这项研究将发展一种理论，将有限温度的一级相变量子退火到绝对零度下的量子临界点。2)纠缠的解析-计算方法&稀土材料中新的有序：与纽约熨斗研究所的理论家合作，研究小组将把矩阵乘积态方法应用于简单的一维和二维近藤晶格，重点是近藤绝缘体的低纠缠情况，使用这些方法来建立和探索重费米子的复合性质。3)拉曼和光电发射现象学的新方法：将光学晶格理论推广到晶场，研究将发展一种关于f电子材料中光与晶场能级的拉曼相互作用的理论。将开发一种使用角分辨和芯级x射线光电发射来测量f电子局域化程度的新标准。研究生和博士后将以基本的方式参与研究，并将接受广泛的理论技术指导和培训。PI还计划写一本畅销书，向非专家介绍量子凝聚态物理的前沿。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（12）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Strange-metal behaviour in a pure ferromagnetic Kondo lattice

纯铁磁近藤晶格中的奇怪金属行为

DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-2052-z
发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
Nature
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Shen Bin;Zhang Yongjun;Komijani Yashar;Nicklas Michael;Borth Robert;Wang An;Chen Ye;Nie Zhiyong;Li Rui;Lu Xin;Lee Hanoh;Smidman Michael;Steglich Frank;Coleman Piers;Yuan Huiqiu
通讯作者：
Yuan Huiqiu

Large- N approach to the two-channel Kondo lattice

DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.101.075133
发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
Physical Review B
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ari Wugalter;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman
通讯作者：
Ari Wugalter;Y. Komijani;P. Coleman

Observation of a critical charge mode in a strange metal

奇怪金属中临界充电模式的观察

DOI：
10.1126/science.abc4787
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Science
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Kobayashi Hisao;Sakaguchi Yui;Kitagawa Hayato;Oura Momoko;Ikeda Shugo;Kuga Kentaro;Suzuki Shintaro;Nakatsuji Satoru;Masuda Ryo;Kobayashi Yasuhiro;Seto Makoto;Yoda Yoshitaka;Tamasaku Kenji;Komijani Yashar;Chandra Premala;Coleman Piers
通讯作者：
Coleman Piers

Luttinger sum rules and spin fractionalization in the SU( N ) Kondo lattice

SU(N)Kondo 晶格中的 Luttinger 和规则与自旋分数化