Collaborative Proposal: The Holocene and Anthropocene as windows into the future of marine systems

古海洋学记录提供了一个独特的机会来了解生态系统如何对过去的快速环境变化做出反应，这是一个具有重大社会和科学兴趣的话题。该项目将记录过去几千年来南加州近岸环境的生态变化，包括对过去和现代气候变化影响的调查。这项工作特别重要，因为这些沿海生态系统在碳封存、海洋渔业、沿海经济和养分循环方面发挥着关键作用。作为综合努力的一部分，加州科学院（CAS）将对加利福尼亚边缘收集的化石样本进行编目、数字化和鉴定。这些材料将与来自现有沉积物岩心的样本相结合，开发一个公共在线数字数据库，研究界可以通过该数据库访问项目数据和结果。每年将有两名来自加州大学戴维斯分校的研究生与中科院工作人员密切合作，接受核心策展和数据库开发方面的培训。此外，该项目还支持加州大学戴维斯分校和加州大学圣巴巴拉分校培养两名博士生和本科生研究实习生。该项目还支持密集的现场和实验室为基础的课程和指导研究在Bodega海洋实验室每年两名本科生谁正在追求K-12干教学的职业生涯。将建立一个研究博客，以培养参与该项目的本科生、研究生和技术人员的科学交流和写作技能。为了完成这项研究，研究小组将利用加利福尼亚边缘的沉积物记录来解决两个关键问题：1)全新世期间现代最低氧带的发展如何影响海洋生态系统，包括多个扰动和恢复阶段？2)在十年-百年尺度变化的背景下，我们能否确定人类世的海洋生态影响？该团队将利用最近的海洋沉积物来重建海洋微化石对自然和人为环境扰动的反应。本研究将利用一套现有的沉积档案（超过20个活塞、箱形和多芯），具有中等高的沉积速率和可用的地球化学记录，以识别和解释后生动物和原生生物组合。微化石组合将为了解加州边缘地区过去、现代和未来的气候和海洋过程提供一个框架。这些结果可以直接与现代仪器记录进行比较，并用于更好地预测该地区未来环境变化的影响。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Paleoceanographic records provide a unique opportunity to understand how ecosystems have responded to rapid environmental change in the past, a topic of significant societal and scientific interest. This project will document ecological changes in nearshore environments over the past several thousand years in Southern California, including investigation of impacts of both past and modern climate change. This work is of particular importance because these coastal ecosystems play critical roles in carbon sequestration, marine fisheries, coastal economies, and cycling of nutrients. As part of an integrated effort, the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) will catalog, digitize and identify fossil samples collected along the California margin. These materials will be combined with samples from available sediment cores to develop a public online digital database through which the research community may access project data and results. Two graduate students per year from the University of California Davis (UCD) will work closely with CAS staff to receive training in core curation and database development. In addition, this project supports the training of two Ph.D. students, and undergraduate research interns at UC Davis and UC Santa Barbara. The project also supports intensive field and laboratory based coursework and mentored research at Bodega Marine Laboratory for two undergraduates per year who are pursuing careers in K-12 STEM teaching. A research blog will be generated to develop scientific communication and writing skills in undergraduate, graduate students and technicians involved in this project. To complete this research, the research team will use sediment records from along the California margin to address two key questions: 1) How did the development of the modern oxygen minimum zone during the Holocene influence marine ecosystems, including multiple stages of perturbation and recovery? 2) Can we identify the marine ecological impacts of the Anthropocene, against a background of decadal-centennial scale variability? The team will utilize recent marine sediments to reconstruct marine microfossil response to both natural and anthropogenic environmental perturbation. This research will utilize a suite of available sedimentary archives (over 20 piston, box and multi cores), with moderately high sedimentation rates and available geochemical records, to identify and interpret metazoan and protistan assemblages. Microfossil assemblages will provide a framework to understand past, modern and future climate and oceanographic processes along the California margin. These results can be directly compared to modern instrumental records, and utilized to better predict future impacts of environmental change in this region.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.