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Collaborative Research: RAPID: re-wiring of montane pollination networks under severe drought stress

合作研究：RAPID：严重干旱胁迫下山地授粉网络的重新布线

基本信息

批准号：
1834497
负责人：
Fernanda Valdovinos
金额：
$ 4.44万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-01 至 2020-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1834497&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RAPID re wiring

项目摘要

A severe drought is expected in the western Rockies in 2018, following the second-lowest snowpack on record the preceding winter. The drought will dramatically alter which species are present in the ecosystems of the Rockies and their relative abundances. The drought thus presents an unusual opportunity to study how pollination networks (the connections between interacting pollinator and plant species) are affected by disturbances. This is important given that extreme environmental events are expected to become increasingly common and that pollination is critically important for the maintenance of both wild plant populations and the productivity and security of many agricultural crops. Specifically, this project is focused on 1) how species in ecosystems can form new connections to other species after disturbances; 2) how new connections can be predicted even following major disturbance; and 3) the implications of new patterns of plant-pollinator relationships for understanding ecosystem-level responses to disturbance. This work will contribute to better understanding of how networks (including other ecological networks, and other network types such as economic, engineered, and social networks) respond to disturbances, particularly in terms of the formation of new connections.This project will use existing plant-pollinator network field data from non-drought years (2016 and 2017) to build and test mechanism-focused models of network structure, based on plant and pollinator abundances, competition between pollinators for flowers, and data on plant and pollinator physical traits (such as body size). Model predictions will be compared with field data from the severe drought year (2018) in which it is anticipated that there will be a strong reduction in which species are present (for example, many long-lived plant species may not bloom when drought-stressed) as well as substantial changes in relative abundances of flowers and pollinators. In particular, the project will also assess how well this new network model performs relative to existing alternative models (none of which currently perform well in predicting interactions). The researchers will then use models to assess generally how substantial capacity for re-wiring will affect system-level responses to perturbations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

继去年冬天有记录以来第二低的积雪之后，预计2018年落基山脉西部将出现严重干旱。干旱将极大地改变落基山脉生态系统中存在的物种及其相对丰度。因此，干旱为研究授粉网络(相互作用的传粉者和植物物种之间的联系)如何受到干扰提供了一个不同寻常的机会。这一点很重要，因为极端环境事件预计将变得越来越普遍，授粉对于维持野生植物种群以及许多农作物的产量和安全至关重要。具体地说，这个项目的重点是1)生态系统中的物种如何在受到干扰后与其他物种形成新的联系；2)如何即使在重大干扰之后也能预测新的联系；以及3)植物-传粉者关系的新模式对理解生态系统对干扰的反应的影响。这项工作将有助于更好地理解网络(包括其他生态网络，以及其他网络类型，如经济、工程和社会网络)如何响应干扰，特别是在形成新的连接方面。该项目将使用非干旱年份(2016和2017)的现有植物-传粉者网络现场数据来建立和测试网络结构的机制模型，该模型基于植物和传粉者丰度、传粉者之间对花的竞争以及植物和传粉者物理特征(如身体大小)的数据。模型预测将与严重干旱年(2018年)的田间数据进行比较，在2018年，预计存在的物种将大幅减少(例如，许多长寿植物物种在干旱胁迫下可能不会开花)，以及花和传粉者的相对丰度发生重大变化。特别是，该项目还将评估这个新的网络模型相对于现有的替代模型(目前没有一个模型在预测交互方面表现良好)的表现如何。然后，研究人员将使用模型来总体评估重新布线的大量容量将如何影响系统级对干扰的响应。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。