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The orchid root with the velamen radicum: a multifunctional organ

兰花根与根部：多功能器官

基本信息

批准号：
235093790
负责人：
Professor Dr. Gerhard Zotz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/235093790?language=en
关键词：
orchid root velamen radicum multifunctional

项目摘要

True epiphytism is associated with a rather precarious supply of water and nutrients. The velamen radicum of orchid roots, i.e. a multiple epidermis with dead cells at maturity, which borders internally on an exodermis that features 1) thick-walled cells and 2) so-called passage cells, is a textbook example of an ´adaptation´ to the epiphytic life style. There are numerous allusions to its function in the literature, but at close inspection solid experimental evidence is extremely limited. We will test the most important of the suggested functions. To this end, our work has physiological components, e.g. we will study uptake kinetics of important nutrient elements, water uptake and loss, quantify the ion exchange capacity of the velamen, and investigate the alleged role of the velamen in preventing overheating of the living cortex. These physiological data will be put in an ecological context by studying in situ root demography and variation in root anatomy and morphology at the community level along environmental gradients. Systematically comparing anatomy / morphology with physiology will also allow us to link form with function in a phylogenetic framework. In summary, our work will finally create the data for an unambiguous evaluation of the function of the velamen in epiphytic orchids. However, there are also numerous terrestrial plants with a velamen (e.g. in Orchidaceae or Asparagaceae), and there are numerous other epiphytes with a velamen, particularly in the Araceae. Thus, the current study is just a first step. In a second phase the proposed project intends to go beyond the topics ´epiphytes´ and ´orchids´ by addressing the major ecological and evolutionary ´dimensions´ of velamentous roots in general.

真正的附着症与水和营养物质的供应相当不稳定有关。兰花根的绒根，即成熟时具有死亡细胞的多个表皮，其内部与外皮相邻，具有1)厚壁细胞和2)所谓的传代细胞，是适应附生生活方式的教科书例子。在文献中有许多关于它的功能的典故，但仔细观察，确凿的实验证据极其有限。我们将测试建议的最重要的功能。为此，我们的工作包括生理部分，例如，我们将研究重要营养元素的吸收动力学，水分的吸收和损失，量化膜的离子交换能力，并调查膜在防止活皮质过热方面的所谓作用。这些生理数据将被放在生态学的背景下，通过现场研究根系人口统计学以及群落水平上的根系解剖和形态随环境梯度的变化。系统地将解剖学/形态学与生理学进行比较，也将使我们能够在系统发育框架内将形态与功能联系起来。综上所述，我们的工作最终将为明确评估附生兰花中的绒毛功能创造数据。然而，也有许多陆地植物(如兰科或芦笋科)有绒毛，还有许多其他附生植物有绒毛，特别是在天南星科。因此，目前的研究只是第一步。在第二阶段，拟议的项目打算超越“附生植物”和“兰花”的主题，总体上解决丝状根的主要生态和进化“维度”。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Chemical composition of cell walls in velamentous roots of epiphytic Orchidaceae

DOI：
10.1007/s00709-019-01421-y
发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
PROTOPLASMA
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Joca, Thais Arruda Costa;de Oliveira, Denis Coelho;Moreira, Ana Silvia Franco Pinheiro
通讯作者：
Moreira, Ana Silvia Franco Pinheiro

The velamen of epiphytic orchids: Variation in structure and correlations with nutrient absorption

DOI：
10.1016/j.flora.2017.03.009
发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
FLORA
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Costa Joca, Thais Arruda;de Oliveira, Denis Coelho;Franco Pinheiro Moreira, Ana Silvia
通讯作者：
Franco Pinheiro Moreira, Ana Silvia

Variation in root morphology of epiphytic orchids along small-scale and large-scale moisture gradients