Standard: Developing a Value Literate Culture in Science

标准：发展科学价值素养文化

• 批准号: 1835366
• 负责人: Scott Tanona
• 金额: $ 35.43万
• 依托单位: Kansas State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1835366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Standard; Developing; Value; Literate; Culture

This project explores an underexamined cultural aspect of Responsible Conduct in Research (RCR) -- the Goals and Values of Science (GVS) that inform everyday scientific practice. Examples of such practices include identifying a research topic, designing a research plan that will yield robust evidence, and selecting and recruiting research participants. By contrast, RCR training courses typically focus on narrow, rule-based prohibitions, an approach which has been shown to have limited scope and impact. This project is important because it moves beyond the limits of institutionalized, rule-based ethical proscriptions and into the heart of what scientists think and value. Moving in this direction has potential to open a new line of research between philosophy of science with educational research on RCR. Operationally, the project involves two research strands. Strand I involves the creation of a set of guided deliberations that will be used with a cohort of 15 science faculty. These deliberations explore how GVS might better motivate scientists to engage in RCR, to reason ethically, and to integrate GVS into their teaching, research, and mentoring. The guided deliberations will be examined to evaluate their effects on scientists' motivation and reasoning about RCR and their literacy about GVS topics. Relations among these factors will also be examined. Building on this work, Research Strand 2 involves the development of a survey instrument to study attitudes towards GVS among a much wider group of faculty, post-doctoral researchers, graduate students, and undergraduates. An initial version of the survey instrument will be piloted with 40 STEM professionals. The team will conduct interviews with these participants about their interpretations of the survey. A revised version of the survey will then be disseminated to approximately 300 STEM professionals and students. Analyses will examine whether attitudes regarding GVS topics differ across fields and groups, and to see if GVS attitudes correlate with motivations to engage in RCR.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目探讨了研究负责任行为 (RCR) 中未被充分审视的文化方面——影响日常科学实践的科学目标和价值观 (GVS)。此类实践的例子包括确定研究主题、设计将产生强有力证据的研究计划以及选择和招募研究参与者。相比之下，RCR 培训课程通常侧重于狭隘的、基于规则的禁令，事实证明这种方法的范围和影响有限。这个项目很重要，因为它超越了制度化、基于规则的道德禁令的限制，进入了科学家思考和价值观的核心。朝这个方向前进有可能在科学哲学与 RCR 教育研究之间开辟一条新的研究路线。 在操作上，该项目涉及两个研究领域。第 I 部分涉及创建一套指导性审议，供 15 名科学教师使用。这些审议探讨了 GVS 如何更好地激励科学家参与 RCR、进行道德推理，并将 GVS 融入到他们的教学、研究和指导中。将检查指导性审议，以评估其对科学家关于 RCR 的动机和推理以及对 GVS 主题的素养的影响。还将研究这些因素之间的关系。在这项工作的基础上，研究方向 2 涉及开发一种调查工具，以研究更广泛的教师、博士后研究人员、研究生和本科生群体对 GVS 的态度。该调查工具的初始版本将由 40 名 STEM 专业人员进行试点。该团队将采访这些参与者，了解他们对调查的解释。调查的修订版随后将分发给大约 300 名 STEM 专业人士和学生。分析将检查不同领域和群体对 GVS 主题的态度是否不同，并了解 GVS 态度是否与参与 RCR 的动机相关。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Examining Physicists' Ethical Reasoning: A New Methodology

检查物理学家的道德推理：一种新方法

• DOI: 10.1119/perc.2022.pr.garcia
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 2022 Physics Education Research Conference
• 作者: Garcia, Tyler;Solis, Caitlin;Linville, Caleb;Bridges, Bill;Jones, Wyatt;Herington, Jonathan;Tanona, Scott;Laverty, James T.
• 通讯作者: Laverty, James T.

The Social Risks of Science

科学的社会风险

• DOI: 10.1002/hast.1196
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Hastings Center Report
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Herington, Jonathan;Tanona, Scott
• 通讯作者: Tanona, Scott

A phenomenographic study of scientists’ beliefs about the causes of scientists’ research misconduct

对科学家的现象学研究——对科学家科研不端行为原因的信念

• DOI: 10.1177/17470161211042658
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Research Ethics
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Cairns, Aidan C;Linville, Caleb;Garcia, Tyler;Bridges, Bill;Tanona, Scott;Herington, Jonathan;Laverty, James T
• 通讯作者: Laverty, James T