NSF's ChemMatCARS: Construction of a Second Beamline using a Canted Undulator at the Advanced Photon Source

NSF 的 ChemMatCARS：在先进光子源处使用倾斜波荡器构建第二条光束线

• 批准号: 1836674
• 负责人: Mark Schlossman
• 金额: $ 1411.58万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1836674&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; ChemMatCARS; Construction; Second; Beamline

This award is supported by the Division of Chemistry and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, the Division of Chemical, Bioengineering Environmental, and Transport Systems in the Directorate for Engineering and the Divisions of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences and Biological Infrastructure in the Directorate for Biological Sciences. The award expands the scientific capabilities and instrumentation at NSF's ChemMatCARS. NSF's ChemMatCARS is a national user facility for frontier research in chemistry, materials science, bioengineering, environmental engineering, and molecular biosciences that employs high-energy synchrotron X-rays at the Advanced Photon Source located at Argonne National Laboratory. Experimental stations at NSF's ChemMatCARS serve a broad national and international community of scientists providing unique capabilities not found anywhere else in the world. Research activities address vital societal issues, including the development of new energy sources, biomolecular materials inspired by biological processes, studies of interactions that help in understanding the rules of life, environmental remediation processes, and new materials and catalysts important for a wide range of industries. This award supports the expansion of NSF's ChemMatCARS sector from one beamline to two, thereby providing opportunities for innovative development of new capabilities and enhanced capacity to meet the scientific needs of a larger user community. The facility serves as a training ground for researchers at all levels of education and carries out numerous activities to develop and diversify the future STEM workforce.The upgrade of NSF ChemMatCARS enables improved performance and increased user access to new experimental techniques including serial X-ray crystallography, low energy resonant diffraction, the study of liquid-solid interfaces, scanning transmission interfacial scattering, and coherent X-ray surface imaging. The award supports the design and construction of a new beamline as well as two experimental stations that are supplied with X-rays from an independent, second high-energy insertion device (undulator) consisting of superconducting magnets. Beamtime available for experiments at NSF's ChemMatCARS is being doubled, allowing for the development of new techniques and new areas of inquiry. An upcoming upgrade of the Advanced Photon Source will produce an X-ray beam with 100-fold greater brightness and coherent flux enabling new sciences and shorter experiment times. Serial X-ray crystallography of small molecules is being developed to study the structural dynamics of irreversible chemical and physical reactions and processes, that have proven challenging to characterize on the atomic scale. Lower energy X-rays on the new beamline extend the capabilities of resonant diffraction to provide complete coverage of 3d and 4d transition metals, thereby enhancing investigations to replace precious metals with earth-abundant materials for catalysis. In the area of liquid interfaces, new techniques are addressing the challenge of characterizing the heterogeneity of liquid surfaces and interfaces on the nanoscale. The study of liquid-solid interfaces is made possible by new instrumentation capable of addressing a wide range of scientific problems in the areas of water purification, protein-membrane interactions for bio-signaling and transport, and electrolyte-electrode interactions for catalysis and energy applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项由数学和物理科学理事会的化学部和多学科活动办公室，工程理事会的化学，生物工程环境和运输系统部以及生物科学理事会的分子和细胞生物科学和生物基础设施部支持。该奖项扩大了NSF ChemMatCARS的科学能力和仪器。美国国家科学基金会的ChemMatCARS是一个国家用户设施，用于化学，材料科学，生物工程，环境工程和分子生物科学的前沿研究，在位于阿贡国家实验室的高级光子源中使用高能同步加速器X射线。NSF的ChemMatCARS实验站服务于广泛的国家和国际科学家社区，提供世界上其他任何地方都没有的独特能力。研究活动解决重要的社会问题，包括新能源的开发，受生物过程启发的生物分子材料，有助于理解生命规则的相互作用研究，环境修复过程以及对广泛行业重要的新材料和催化剂。该奖项支持NSF的ChemMatCARS部门从一条光束线扩展到两条光束线，从而为创新开发新功能和增强能力提供机会，以满足更大用户群体的科学需求。该实验室是各级教育研究人员的培训基地，并开展了许多活动，以发展和多样化未来的STEM劳动力。NSF ChemMatCARS的升级提高了性能，并增加了用户对新实验技术的访问，包括连续X射线晶体学，低能共振衍射，液固界面研究，扫描透射界面散射，和相干X射线表面成像。该奖项支持设计和建造一条新的光束线以及两个实验站，这些实验站由一个独立的第二高能插入装置（波荡器）提供X射线，该装置由超导磁体组成。在NSF的ChemMatCARS实验中，可用于实验的束流时间增加了一倍，允许开发新技术和新的研究领域。先进光子源即将进行的升级将产生亮度和相干通量提高100倍的X射线束，从而实现新的科学和更短的实验时间。正在开发小分子的连续X射线晶体学，以研究不可逆化学和物理反应和过程的结构动力学，这些反应和过程已被证明在原子尺度上具有挑战性。新光束线上的低能量X射线扩展了共振衍射的能力，提供了3d和4d过渡金属的完全覆盖，从而加强了用地球丰富的材料代替贵金属进行催化的研究。在液体界面领域，新技术正在解决表征纳米尺度上液体表面和界面的异质性的挑战。新仪器能够解决水净化、生物信号和运输的蛋白质-膜相互作用、和电解质-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估来支持。影响审查标准。