Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Relationship between Agriculture and Population Distribution

博士论文改进奖：农业与人口分布的关系

• 批准号: 1836770
• 负责人: Lisa Maher
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1836770&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Relationship

Wolfgang Alders, of the University of California, Berkeley, will undertake research to study settlement patterns among Swahili communities prior to and during the development of the plantation economy in Zanzibar, from AD 1500-1850. The mid-19th-century plantation system in Zanzibar is described as an imported social landscape run predominately by Omani landowners, and worked by enslaved people drawn from many parts of East Africa. However, it is also clear that the plantation system was built on top of at least a millennium of settlement by indigenous Swahili coastal people on Zanzibar, which is largely undocumented outside the coastal rim prior to the 19th century. As such, the project contributes to the archaeology of the colonial early modern period in an African context, and breaks new ground by investigating the junctures between understandings of Zanzibar's 19th-century plantation societies and the long-term archaeology of Swahili communities. The research will build on work in coastal East African archaeology to consider the ways that rural Swahili people were entangled in both local and global social and political processes in the western Indian Ocean. The research will advance the academic and intellectual development of a graduate student. It will also contribute to understanding from a worldwide perspective of how traditional communities are integrated into broader international networks.The project will survey landscapes across the western and eastern landscapes of north-central Zanzibar (Unguja) Island, Tanzania. The western part of Zanzibar is an ideal place for elucidating the courses of settlement in relation to the development of plantation economies, since these regions lie within the most fertile agricultural parts of the island. The eastern regions play an important role for comparative survey data, since they are rockier, less suitable for agriculture, and were possibly an area of refuge for people dispossessed from the prime plantation land. Judgmental surveys starting from above-ground 19th-century plantation sites will be used to inform probabilistic shovel test-pit surveys across the larger region. This evidence will be used to chart long-term Swahili settlement in the rural countryside from AD 1500-1850, and to elucidate how settlement related to social and ecological histories at different scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

加州大学伯克利分校的沃尔夫冈·奥尔德斯将进行研究，研究公元1500年至1850年桑给巴尔种植园经济发展之前和期间斯瓦希里社区的定居模式。19世纪中期，桑给巴尔的种植园系统被描述为一种外来的社会景观，主要由阿曼地主经营，并由来自东非许多地区的奴隶工作。然而，同样清楚的是，种植园系统是建立在桑给巴尔沿海土著斯瓦希里人至少一千年定居的基础上的，而在世纪之前，沿海边缘以外的地方基本上没有记录。因此，该项目有助于非洲背景下的殖民早期现代时期的考古学，并通过调查对桑给巴尔19世纪种植园社会的理解与斯瓦希里社区的长期考古学之间的联系，开辟了新的领域。这项研究将建立在东非沿海考古工作的基础上，考虑斯瓦希里农村人民在西印度洋卷入当地和全球社会和政治进程的方式。这项研究将促进研究生的学术和智力发展。它还将有助于从全球角度了解传统社区如何融入更广泛的国际网络。该项目将调查坦桑尼亚桑给巴尔（Unguja）岛中北部西部和东部的景观。桑给巴尔的西部地区是阐明与种植园经济发展有关的定居过程的理想场所，因为这些地区位于该岛最肥沃的农业地区。东部地区在比较调查数据方面发挥着重要作用，因为这些地区岩石较多，不太适合农业，可能是被剥夺主要种植园土地的人的避难所。从19世纪的种植园用地开始的判断性调查将用于为更大区域的概率铲测试坑调查提供信息。这一证据将被用来绘制长期斯瓦希里人定居在农村农村从公元1500年至1850年，并阐明如何解决相关的社会和生态的历史在不同scales.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。