CPS: Medium: Rethinking Communication and Control for Low-Latency, High Reliability loT Devices

物联网（IoT）革命正在将数百万个物理设备（例如汽车、无人机、家庭、医疗设备）联网，使它们能够实时相互连接，并连接到云服务。无线通信将在提供物联网连接方面发挥关键作用。 在未来的无线网络中，有三个主要的战略方向。首先，增强的移动的宽带将为虚拟现实等未来3D应用带来更高的数据速率。其次，智慧城市/社区应用需要大量传感器，这些传感器以可扩展、异步和节能的方式在大型城市或农村地区进行零星通信。前两个方向虽然重要，但不是我们建议的重点。相反，我们的建议专注于低延迟和超可靠的通信和网络，这对于延迟敏感的闭环控制应用至关重要，如车辆到车辆通信，协作游泳规划和工业控制。在这种延迟敏感的应用中，我们需要重新考虑网络堆栈、编码、网络架构和控制设计，以实现能够提供超低延迟（99.999%）的通信和网络。这远远超出了目前的可能性。但更重要的是，我们不知道低延迟、高可靠性通信的控制系统设计的可能性和基本限制是什么。在本提案中，我们将重新思考延迟敏感控制应用的超可靠、低延迟无线通信的科学基础。我们建议通过解决三个智力挑战来实现我们的科学议程：1）低等待时间信道编码，其中目标是关注用于控制环路的短分组码; 2）对低等待时间感知通信信道的控制，其中目标是理解控制环路的等待时间与可靠性的最佳折衷是什么;以及3）用于大规模无线控制网络的学习，机器学习将为具有竞争性延迟/可靠性要求的大量控制环路执行资源分配我们打算利用我们现有的英特尔无线自主系统科学技术中心（ISTC）评估拟议的研究议程，并展示我们在未来无线协议中的想法（IEEE 802.11ax），并通过实验证明它在高速V2V和快速编队控制与空中群。 在教育方面，宾夕法尼亚大学计划在edX MOOC平台上提供物联网（IoT）的微型硕士课程。从长远来看，我们的目标是创建一个新的研究人员社区，专注于控制物联网设备的低延迟无线网络。为了实现这一目标，我们计划利用部门的努力，以增加和多样化的博士生在这个项目上工作。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

The internet-of-things (IoT) revolution is bringing millions of physical devices online (e.g. cars, UAVs, homes, medical devices), enabling them to connect to each other in real-time, as well as to cloud services. Wireless communication will be critical in providing IoT connectivity. There are three main strategic directions that are envisioned in the future wireless networking. First, enhanced mobile broadband will result in even larger data rates for future 3D applications such as virtual reality. Second, Smart City/Community applications require large number of sensors that communicate sporadically over large urban or rural areas in a scalable, asynchronous, and energy efficient manner. The previous two directions, while important, are not the focus of our proposal. Instead, our proposal focuses on low-latency and ultra-reliable communications and networking that is critical for latency-sensitive, closed-loop control applications, like vehicle to vehicle communications, collaborative swam planning, and industrial control. In such latency sensitive applications, we need to rethink the networking stack, coding, networking architecture, and control design to enable communications and networking that can provide ultra-low latency (99.999%). This is far beyond what is currently possible. But even more importantly, we do not know what is possible and what are the fundamental limits for control system design over low-latency, high-reliability communications.In this proposal, we will be rethinking the scientific foundations for ultra-reliable, low-latency wireless communications for latency sensitive control applications. We propose to achieve our scientific agenda by addressing three intellectual challenges: 1) Low-latency channel coding, where the goal is to focus on short packet codes for control loops 2) Control over low latency-aware communication channels, where the goal is to understand the what is the optimal tradeoff of latency to reliability for control loops and 3) Learning for Large Scale Wireless Control Networks, where machine learning will perform resource allocation for large numbers of control loops with competing latency/reliability requirements We intend to evaluate the proposed research agenda by leveraging our existing Intel Science and Technology Center (ISTC) on Wireless Autonomous Systems and demonstrate our ideas in future wireless protocols (IEEE 802.11ax) and experimentally demonstrate it in high-speed V2V and fast formation control with aerial swarms. On the educational front, the University of Pennsylvania is planning to offer a Micro-Masters program in Internet of Things (IoT) on the edX MOOC platform. Longer term, our goal is to create a new community of researchers that focus on control over low-latency wireless networks for IoT devices. Towards this goal, we plan on leveraging departmental efforts to increase and diversify the PhD students working on this project.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.