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EAGER: Stage-structured predation between fish and aquatic insects

EAGER：鱼类和水生昆虫之间的阶段性捕食

基本信息

批准号：
1837233
负责人：
Jeff Wesner
金额：
$ 19.99万
依托单位：
University of South Dakota Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1837233&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Stage structured predation between

项目摘要

A fundamental challenge in ecology is to predict how extinction of some species will impact other species that are left behind. It's complicated because all species interact with a large number of other species. They eat or are eaten by those species, creating what are called "food webs". Practically all studies of food webs ignore the simple fact that interactions among species are likely to change as individuals grow up. For example, a butterfly eats different things as a caterpillar than as an adult. Likewise, different animals are likely to eat it as a caterpillar than as an adult. Another problem with past studies is that food webs in one habitat are treated as totally separate from those a nearby habitat. The simple fact that animals often move between habitats is typically ignored. This project overcomes both of these problems with past studies. Researchers will test how fish in streams not only affect their prey under water but also how those prey affect animals above water. Students will help collect data, learning cutting-edge ecological techniques. All participants will share their knowledge about food webs with school children and the general public. Results from this project will be important for managing freshwater resources and preserving their benefits for all. More generally, this project is in the national interest because humans rely on properly functioning food webs for recreation, food, and water quality.Through field surveys and manipulative experiments, this project will examine stage-structured interactions between fish and their insect prey, and the consequences of those interactions for linked aquatic-terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic insects develop as larvae on the bottom of streams and lakes. They then metamorphose and emerge as winged adults in the terrestrial ecosystem. After emerging from the water, aquatic insects become common prey for terrestrial predators. As a result, fish predation on aquatic insects can affect terrestrial food webs. However, prey life stages vary dramatically in ecological traits, which means they are differentially susceptible to predation by fishes. This combination of cross-ecosystem movement by prey and stage-structured predation means that the effects of fish predation can not only extend beyond ecosystems, but could even be stronger in the terrestrial ecosystem than in the aquatic ecosystem. Such effects of predators would not be predicted based on current species-centric food web approaches, making this a somewhat risky project with high potential for changing how food webs are viewed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生态学的一个基本挑战是预测一些物种的灭绝将如何影响其他物种。这很复杂，因为所有物种都与大量其他物种相互作用。它们吃这些物种或被这些物种吃，形成所谓的“食物网”。几乎所有关于食物网的研究都忽略了一个简单的事实，即物种之间的相互作用可能会随着个体的成长而改变。例如，一只蝴蝶吃不同的东西作为一个毛毛虫比作为一个成年人。同样，不同的动物可能会把它当作毛虫而不是成虫来吃。过去研究的另一个问题是，一个栖息地的食物网被视为与附近栖息地的食物网完全分开。动物经常在栖息地之间移动的简单事实通常被忽视。该项目克服了过去研究中的这两个问题。研究人员将测试溪流中的鱼类如何不仅影响水下的猎物，而且这些猎物如何影响水上的动物。学生将帮助收集数据，学习尖端的生态技术。所有参与者将与学童和公众分享他们对食物网的认识。这一项目的成果对于管理淡水资源和维护淡水资源对所有人的惠益十分重要。更广泛地说，该项目符合国家利益，因为人类依赖于正常运作的食物网来获得娱乐、食物和水质。通过实地调查和操纵实验，该项目将研究鱼类与其昆虫猎物之间的阶段性相互作用，以及这些相互作用对水生-陆地生态系统的影响。水生昆虫的幼虫在溪流和湖泊的底部发育。然后它们变质并在陆地生态系统中以有翼的成虫出现。从水中出来后，水生昆虫成为陆地捕食者的常见猎物。因此，鱼类捕食水生昆虫会影响陆地食物网。然而，猎物的生命阶段在生态特征上差异很大，这意味着它们对鱼类捕食的敏感性不同。这种由猎物和阶段结构捕食的跨生态系统运动的组合意味着鱼类捕食的影响不仅可以延伸到生态系统之外，而且在陆地生态系统中甚至可能比在水生生态系统中更强。根据目前以物种为中心的食物网方法，捕食者的这种影响是无法预测的，这使得这是一个有点风险的项目，有很大的潜力改变食物网的看法。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Changes in stream food‐web structure across a gradient of acid mine drainage increases local community stability

酸性矿山排水梯度上河流食物网络结构的变化增加了当地社区的稳定性

DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3102
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Ecology
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
PF Pomeranz, Justin;Wesner, Jeff S;Harding, Jon S
通讯作者：
Harding, Jon S

Individual size distributions across North American streams vary with local temperature

DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15862
发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
Global Change Biology
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
J. Pomeranz;James R. Junker;Jeff S. Wesner
通讯作者：
J. Pomeranz;James R. Junker;Jeff S. Wesner

Using stage-structured food webs to assess the effects of contaminants and predators on aquatic–terrestrial linkages

使用阶段结构的食物网评估污染物和捕食者对水陆联系的影响

DOI：
10.1086/706103
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Freshwater Science
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Wesner, Jeff
通讯作者：
Wesner, Jeff

Stage-structured feeding by freshwater fish assemblages in eastern South Dakota, USA

美国南达科他州东部淡水鱼群的阶段结构喂养

DOI：
10.1007/s10641-022-01296-8
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Environmental Biology of Fishes
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Kanz, Abraham J.;Wesner, Jeff S.
通讯作者：
Wesner, Jeff S.

Loss of Potential Aquatic-Terrestrial Subsidies Along the Missouri River Floodplain

密苏里河漫滩沿岸潜在水陆补贴的损失

DOI：
10.1007/s10021-019-00391-9
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Ecosystems
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Wesner, Jeff S.;Swanson, David L.;Dixon, Mark D.;Soluk, Daniel A.;Quist, Danielle J.;Yager, Lisa A.;Warmbold, Jerry W.;Oddy, Erika;Seidel, Tyler C.
通讯作者：
Seidel, Tyler C.