Programming as a Context for Making Problem Solving Visible: An Equity Focused K-5 Research Practice Partnership

编程作为使问题解决变得可见的背景：以公平为中心的 K-5 研究实践合作伙伴关系

• 批准号: 1837488
• 负责人: Armanda Iorio
• 金额: $ 29.92万
• 依托单位: 9 Dots Community Learning Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1837488&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Programming; Context; Making; Problem; Solving

STEM domains have long provided productive contexts for problem solving research, a central learning objective in education for the 21st century. Problem solving and related constructs, such as critical thinking and computational thinking, are increasingly holding organizing power in the design and implementation of K-12 curriculum across educational domains. The Computer Science for All: Researcher-Practitioner Partnership (RPP) program is supporting this project, with an RPP team comprised of teachers, principals, researchers, professional development leaders, curriculum developers, and software engineers stretched across several institutions in Los Angeles, including three elementary public and charter schools, the University of California, Los Angeles, and a non-profit community learning center that develops CS curriculum and software. This project focuses on how to effectively teach problem solving practices in 3rd - 4th grade computer science classes, namely on how to build students' capacities to articulate their problem-solving process, understand how different strategies advance problem solving, and develop and enact new strategies for problem solving. The RPP will seed this problem solving process with 3rd and 4th graders traditionally marginalized in urban environments by designing CS lessons that promote sustained, rigorous, and collaborative reflection on problem-solving processes. This work will generate lesson templates and research findings valuable to educators interested in the intersection of problem solving and computer programming, and set the stage for larger scale research-practice partnership initiatives.The RPP's approach will address a critical research need to understand how young students think about and pursue problem solving with code in the context of whole- and small-group classroom discourse, focused around facets of problem solving synthesized from the wider research literature: problem exploration, goal setting, implementation, monitoring, and reflection. The project team of curriculum designers, researchers, and practitioners will be informed by multiple data sources: observations of classroom practice, teacher interviews, designer interviews, school leader interviews, and bi-monthly student surveys. They will use a blend of design methodologies, agile development and design-research conjecture mapping, to iteratively and pragmatically aim to foster rich classroom discourse on CS problem solving processes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

STEM 领域长期以来一直为问题解决研究提供富有成效的环境，这是 21 世纪教育的核心学习目标。问题解决和相关结构，例如批判性思维和计算思维，在跨教育领域的 K-12 课程设计和实施中越来越具有组织力量。全民计算机科学：研究人员与从业者合作 (RPP) 计划正在支持该项目，RPP 团队由教师、校长、研究人员、专业发展领导者、课程开发人员和软件工程师组成，遍布洛杉矶的多个机构，包括三所公立小学和特许学校、加州大学洛杉矶分校以及一个开发计算机科学课程和软件的非营利社区学习中心。该项目重点关注如何在三至四年级计算机科学课程中有效教授问题解决实践，即如何培养学生阐明问题解决过程的能力，了解不同策略如何促进问题解决，以及制定和制定新的问题解决策略。 RPP 将通过设计促进对问题解决过程进行持续、严格和协作反思的计算机科学课程，为传统上在城市环境中被边缘化的三年级和四年级学生播下这一问题解决过程。这项工作将为对问题解决和计算机编程交叉感兴趣的教育工作者生成有价值的课程模板和研究结果，并为更大规模的研究实践伙伴关系计划奠定基础。RPP 的方法将解决关键的研究需求，以了解年轻学生如何在整个和小组课堂讨论的背景下思考和追求用代码解决问题，重点关注从更广泛的研究文献中综合得出的问题解决的各个方面：问题探索、目标 设定、实施、监控和反思。由课程设计者、研究人员和实践者组成的项目团队将获得多种数据源的信息：课堂实践观察、教师访谈、设计师访谈、学校领导访谈和双月学生调查。他们将综合运用设计方法、敏捷开发和设计研究猜想映射，以迭代和务实的方式促进关于计算机科学问题解决过程的丰富课堂讨论。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。