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RAPID: Tracking magmatic and volcanic changes in the May 2018 Kilauea Eruption.

RAPID：追踪 2018 年 5 月基拉韦厄火山喷发中的岩浆和火山变化。

基本信息

批准号：
1838502
负责人：
Kenna Rubin
金额：
$ 11.98万
依托单位：
University of Hawaii
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-01 至 2021-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1838502&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Tracking magmatic volcanic changes

项目摘要

This Rapid Research Response (RAPID) award will enable a detailed study of the May 2018 eruption in an effort to reconstruct lava emplacement within and between several sites spread out over about 10 km of the volcano's east rift zone. By coupling this information to lava and crystal cargo compositional analyses, the study will aim to answer questions about the magmatic system and magma migration pathways leading to this unanticipated eruption. Microtextural analysis of samples that are contextualized with aerial imagery will permit critical evaluation of existing flow emplacement models and thus engender improved quantitative understanding of lava flow dynamics. By comparing geochemical and petrologic results to the geophysical signals, the project will enhance understanding about how and why volcanoes erupt.This RAPID award will support short-fuse, high resolution geochemical studies of lava flows from the Kilauea volcano eruption in May 2018. It is planned to use 210Po-210Pb-226Ra, petrologic analysis of eruption products, and rheological evolution of basaltic lava, all in a tightly constrained spatio-temporal context. Despite the unfortunate interaction of eruption fissures with personal property and infrastructure, this eruption represent an excellent opportunity to investigate magmatism at one of Earth's most active volcanoes, with implications for why, when, and how volcanic activity occurs at a particular location. The unprecedented geophysical record of events leading to and during the eruption from the US Geological Survey's Hawaii Volcano Observatory (HVO) dense observational network, and strong partnership and collaboration with HVO colleagues for sample collection and eruption parameter observations, and the excellent lava sample suite that is and will be collected for this study, makes this a truly unique opportunity to address fundamental scientific questions about magmatic processes within a volcanic rift zone and flow emplacement mechanics during opening phases of fissure-fed lava effusion. Volcanic products from the new/ongoing rift zone eruption have been sampled for us by the USGS, with more collections forthcoming.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项快速研究响应（RAPID）奖将对2018年5月的火山喷发进行详细研究，以重建火山东部裂谷区约10公里处的几个地点内和之间的熔岩位置。通过将这些信息与熔岩和晶体货物成分分析相结合，该研究旨在回答有关岩浆系统和岩浆迁移途径的问题，从而导致这种意外的喷发。与航空图像的背景下的样品的微观结构分析将允许现有的流侵位模型的关键评价，从而产生更好的定量了解熔岩流动力学。通过将地球化学和岩石学结果与地球物理信号进行比较，该项目将加深对火山喷发方式和原因的理解。该RAPID奖项将支持对2018年5月基拉韦厄火山喷发熔岩流的短熔丝、高分辨率地球化学研究。计划使用210 Po-210 Pb-226 Ra，喷发产物的岩石学分析，以及玄武熔岩的流变学演化，所有这些都在严格限制的时空背景下进行。尽管喷发裂缝与个人财产和基础设施的不幸相互作用，但这次喷发是研究地球上最活跃的火山之一的岩浆活动的绝佳机会，并对火山活动在特定位置发生的原因，时间和方式产生影响。美国地质调查局的夏威夷火山观测站（HVO）密集观测网络对导致火山爆发和火山爆发期间的事件进行了前所未有的地球物理记录，并与HVO同事在样本收集和火山爆发参数观测方面建立了强有力的伙伴关系和合作关系，以及为这项研究收集并将收集的优秀熔岩样本套件，这使得这是一个真正独特的机会，以解决有关岩浆过程中的火山裂谷带和流动侵位力学在裂缝喂熔岩渗出的开放阶段的基本科学问题。美国地质勘探局已经为我们采集了新的/正在进行的裂谷带喷发的火山产物，并将收集更多样品。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。