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CAREER: Mechanisms of Sound Change in Continental West Germanic

职业：大陆西日耳曼语的声音变化机制

基本信息

批准号：
1845107
负责人：
Bjoern Koehnlein
金额：
$ 43.84万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1845107&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Mechanisms Sound Change Continental

项目摘要

Understanding how and why the sounds of natural languages change over time is a key topic in phonology, the study of sound systems. This project investigates interactions of vowels and consonant voicing (such as voiced 'd' versus voiceless 't'). In English, for instance, vowels before voiced consonants (e.g. 'feed') are longer than vowels before voiceless ones (e.g. 'feet'). Despite a long research history, such interactions are still poorly understood. The empirical focus of this project is on two understudied language varieties, Franconian (spoken in parts of Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands) and Low German (spoken in Northern Germany). In Franconian, vowel-consonant interactions have led to a tone contrast, comparable to Chinese languages; Low German has developed 'extra-long' vowels alongside long and short vowels, which is exceedingly rare across languages. This project will document and explain these developments, with important implications for linguistic typology and the study of cognitive underpinnings of language.The project consists of an empirical, a theoretical, and a typological part. The empirical part investigates how speakers of modern dialects produce and perceive the vowels and consonants. The results form the basis for the theoretical studies. These studies aim to explicate the mechanisms at play and illuminate how understanding them furthers our knowledge of mechanisms of sound change. The typological part of the project relates the empirical and theoretical findings to comparable phenomena in other languages, which will improve our understanding of interactions between vowels and consonant voicing cross-linguistically. The combined empirical, theoretical, and typological studies will help broaden our knowledge of central issues that are at the heart of current debates in the field of phonology, viz. the structure of phonological representations, the interaction of such representations with the production and perception of phonological contrasts (phonetics), and the role of sound change in shaping phonological systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

了解自然语言的声音如何以及为什么随着时间的推移而变化是音系学的一个关键话题。这个项目研究元音和辅音发音的相互作用（如浊'd'与不浊't '）。例如，在英语中，浊辅音之前的元音（例如“feet”）比无浊辅音之前的元音（例如“feet”）长。尽管有很长的研究历史，这种相互作用仍然知之甚少。这个项目的实证重点是两个未充分研究的语言品种，法兰克语（在比利时，德国和荷兰的部分地区使用）和低地德语（在德国北方使用）。在法兰克语中，元音-辅音的相互作用导致了音调的对比，与汉语相当;低地德语在长元音和短元音的同时发展了“超长”元音，这在语言中是非常罕见的。这个项目将记录和解释这些发展，对语言类型学和语言认知基础的研究具有重要意义。这个项目包括经验，理论和类型学部分。实证部分考察现代方言使用者如何产生和感知元音和辅音。研究结果为理论研究奠定了基础。这些研究的目的是阐明在发挥作用的机制，并阐明如何理解他们进一步我们的声音变化的机制的知识。该项目的类型学部分将经验和理论研究结果与其他语言中的类似现象联系起来，这将提高我们对跨语言元音和辅音发音之间相互作用的理解。将经验研究、理论研究和类型学研究相结合，将有助于拓宽我们对当前音系学领域争论的核心问题的认识，即音系表征的结构，这种表征与音系对比的产生和感知的相互作用（phonetics），以及声音变化在形成语音系统中的作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估来支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。