The neural mechanisms and mnemonic consequences of sound processing during sleep

睡眠期间声音处理的神经机制和记忆后果

• 批准号: 10734969
• 负责人: Ada Eban-Rothschild
• 金额: $ 49.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10734969
• 关键词: Acoustics; Acute; Address; Amendment; Arousal; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Communication; Dependence; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Exposure to; Familiarity; Health Policy; Hippocampus; Household; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Infant; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Light; Link; Memory; Memory impairment; Mus; Names; Neighborhoods; Neurons; Noise; Nucleus Accumbens; Optics; Pattern; Persons; Process; Property; Public Health; Research; Rodent; Role; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Sleep disturbances; Stimulus; Testing; Ventral Tegmental Area; Wakefulness; behavioral response; cognitive process; cost; dopaminergic neuron; epidemiology study; experimental study; insight; long term memory; memory consolidation; memory process; memory retention; neural; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; noise exposure; noise pollution; novel; optogenetics; semantic processing; sound; urban setting

Project Summary Despite the overall reduced responsiveness to external stimuli during sleep, incoming sounds are processed by a highly active and broadly projecting auditory system. Moreover, not only the acoustic aspects of sounds are processed during sleep but also their associated meaning, as evidenced by a higher likelihood of awakening from novel and meaningful sounds as compared to familiar and meaningless sounds. These and other findings suggest that there is ongoing semantic neural processing during sleep, yet the underlying brain circuits and neurophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Sound salience processing during sleep enables rapid arousal when a behavioral response is appropriate, such as in the presence of danger or when an infant is in need. However, as millions of people in the US and worldwide live in noisy urban environments, in which they are exposed to household, traffic and other neighborhood sounds during sleep, ongoing processing of sounds during sleep may come at a cost. During sleep in the absence of incoming sounds, brain circuits engage in internally generated neural activity patterns that underlie memory consolidation–the transformation of temporary and labile memory traces into long-term memories. A potential interaction between sound processing and memory processes during sleep has been proposed by recent epidemiological studies which link exposure to nighttime noise and memory impairments. Moreover, we have recently discovered that acute exposure to non-awakening sounds during sleep impairs subsequent memory retention in rodents. However, the acoustic properties of sounds impairing memory consolidation, the consequences of chronic exposure to sounds during sleep on memory capacities and the neural interactions between online sound processing with offline neurophysiological signatures of memory consolidation are largely unknown. We will fill these knowledge gaps using electrophysiological and optical recordings from multiple brain regions, closed-loop sound manipulations and light-activated modulation of neural activity in freely behaving and naturally sleeping mice. In Aim 1, we will determine the role of key brain regions in sound salience processing during wakefulness–the auditory cortex and ventral tegmental area–in processing of sound salience during sleep. In Aim 2, we will determine the acoustic properties of sounds that impair memory processes and the consequences of chronic sound exposure during sleep on memory capacities. In Aim 3, we will determine the acute and chronic consequences of sound processing during sleep on circuit-level neurophysiological mechanisms of memory consolidation. Together, these experiments will provide a mechanistic understanding of the neuronal substrates underlying sound processing during sleep and their mnemonic consequences.

项目摘要 尽管睡眠期间对外部刺激的反应总体上降低了，但传入的声音会被处理 通过一个高度活跃和广泛投射的听觉系统。此外，不仅声音的声学方面 在睡眠期间被处理，但也包括它们的相关含义，这从更高的可能性证明 从新奇而有意义的声音中醒来，而不是从熟悉而无意义的声音中醒来。这些和 其他发现表明，在睡眠过程中，存在正在进行的语义神经处理，但潜在的大脑 电路和神经生理机制仍然知之甚少。声音显著处理过程中 睡眠能够在适当的行为反应时快速唤醒，例如在存在危险或 当婴儿需要帮助的时候。然而，由于美国和世界各地数百万人生活在嘈杂的城市 他们在睡眠期间暴露在家庭、交通和其他邻里噪音中的环境， 在睡眠期间对声音进行持续处理可能是有代价的。在没有来电的情况下睡眠 声音，大脑回路参与内部产生的神经活动模式，这些模式是记忆的基础 巩固--将暂时和不稳定的记忆痕迹转化为长期记忆。一种潜力 最近提出了睡眠过程中声音处理和记忆过程之间的相互作用 与夜间噪音和记忆力受损有关的流行病学研究。此外，我们有 最近发现，在睡眠期间突然听到非唤醒的声音会损害随后的记忆 啮齿动物的滞留。然而，声音的声学特性损害了记忆的巩固， 睡眠中长期暴露于声音对记忆能力和神经相互作用的影响 在在线声音处理和离线记忆巩固的神经生理学特征之间 很大程度上是未知的。 我们将使用来自多个大脑区域的电生理和光学记录来填补这些知识空白， 自由行为和神经活动的闭环声操作和光激活调制 自然睡眠的老鼠。在目标1中，我们将确定大脑关键区域在声音显著处理中的作用 在觉醒时--听觉皮质和腹侧被盖区--过程中处理声音显著 睡吧。在目标2中，我们将确定损害记忆过程的声音的声学特性，以及 睡眠中长期接触声音对记忆能力的影响。在目标3中，我们将确定 睡眠中声音处理对电路水平神经生理的急性和慢性影响 记忆巩固的机制。总之，这些实验将提供一种机械性的理解 睡眠过程中声音处理的神经元底物以及它们的助记结果。