CAREER: Moving beyond descriptive genomic studies - Applying theoretical ecology principles to predictably intensify anaerobic co-digestion processes

职业：超越描述性基因组研究 - 应用理论生态学原理以可预测的方式强化厌氧共消化过程

• 批准号: 1847654
• 负责人: Tyler Radniecki
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1847654&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Moving; beyond; descriptive; genomic

Microbial communities work together to process nutrients and organic matter in engineered and natural systems. It is difficult to predict how complex microbial communities will behave based on only what species are known to be present, because most prevalent microbes often change over time and from location to location, even as the community behavior stays the same. This work will develop a quantitative standard to describe the state of the microbial community for assessing bioreactor system performance. The research team will also create environmental engineering focused cartoons as part of an outreach effort. The cartoons will target underrepresented preteens and teens to increase scientific literacy and expand future participation in environmental engineering.The overall research objective of this research is to apply the theoretical ecology principles to quantify the fundamental processes that drive microbial community architecture, functionality, and fluidity. The system of interest in this work will be anaerobic digesters during periods of stability, upset, and recovery. This research will test the hypothesis that strategic changes to the operational parameters of biotreatment systems can shape their microbial communities into predictable compositions that achieve the desired functional improvement. Three research objectives will be used to test this hypothesis. First, the dynamic microbiome structures and individual microbial interactions that occur in full-scale anaerobic bioreactors operated under non-co-digesting and co-digesting conditions will be quantified utilizing sequence data collected from full-scale facilities bi-monthly over a two-year period. Normal operational range benchmarks (NORBs) will be created to identify the natural variability that would be expected under stable operating conditions. Second, the NORBs for operational parameters including organic loading rates, volatile solids destruction, biogas and methane productivity, resistance, and resiliency for these same facilities will be quantified. Advanced statistical tools will be used to identify which operational parameters have the largest impact on microbiome structures observed in the first research objective. Finally, laboratory-scale anaerobic digesters will be used to determine the effectiveness of using changes in operational parameters to shape the microbiome structure for maximizing biogas productivity, resistance, and/or resiliency. The results of this work address the greatest weaknesses of the tremendous amount of sequence data generated in these systems; namely that it is largely descriptive in nature with limited utility for designing systems and predicting future performance. The educational and outreach phase of this work will identify the effectiveness of using sequential cartoons to increase the comprehension and retention of complex environmental issues in K-12 students with the goal of lowering barriers to participation in the field of environmental engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

微生物群落共同努力，在工程系统和自然系统中处理营养物质和有机物。很难仅根据已知存在的物种来预测复杂的微生物群落的行为，因为大多数流行的微生物往往会随着时间和地点的变化而变化，即使群落的行为保持不变。这项工作将开发一种量化标准来描述微生物群落的状态，以评估生物反应器系统的性能。研究小组还将创作以环境工程为重点的卡通，作为外展努力的一部分。这些漫画将针对未被充分代表的青春期前和青少年，以提高科学素养和扩大未来对环境工程的参与。本研究的总体研究目标是应用理论生态学原理来量化驱动微生物群落结构、功能和流动性的基本过程。在这项工作中感兴趣的系统将是在稳定、不安和恢复期间的厌氧消化器。这项研究将检验这样一种假设，即对生物处理系统的操作参数进行战略性改变可以将其微生物群落塑造成可预测的成分，从而实现预期的功能改进。三个研究目标将被用来检验这一假设。首先，在非共消化和共消化条件下运行的全规模厌氧生物反应器中发生的动态微生物群结构和单个微生物相互作用将利用在两年期间每两个月从全规模设施收集的序列数据进行量化。将创建正常运行范围基准(NORBs)，以确定在稳定运行条件下预期的自然可变性。其次，将量化这些相同设施的运行参数的NORBs，包括有机负荷率、挥发性固体破坏、沼气和甲烷生产率、阻力和弹性。将使用先进的统计工具来确定哪些操作参数对第一个研究目标中观察到的微生物组结构影响最大。最后，实验室规模的厌氧消化器将被用来确定利用操作参数的变化来塑造微生物群结构的有效性，以最大限度地提高沼气产量、抵抗力和/或弹性。这项工作的结果解决了在这些系统中产生的大量序列数据的最大缺点；即，这些数据基本上是描述性的，对设计系统和预测未来性能的效用有限。这项工作的教育和推广阶段将确定使用连续漫画来提高K-12学生对复杂环境问题的理解和记忆的有效性，目标是降低参与环境工程领域的障碍。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Shock loads change the resistance, resiliency, and productivity of anaerobic Co-digestion of municipal sludge and fats, oils, and greases

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132447
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: A. Berninghaus;T. Radniecki

Fats, Oils, and Greases Increase the Sensitivity of Anaerobic Mono- and Co-Digester Inoculum to Ammonia Toxicity

• DOI: 10.1089/ees.2021.0119
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Environmental Engineering Science
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: A. Berninghaus;T. Radniecki