CRII: CHS: Examining and applying robot sociality to enhance intergroup human-robot interaction

CRII：CHS：检查和应用机器人社交性以增强群体间人机交互

• 批准号: 1849591
• 负责人: Marlena Fraune
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: New Mexico State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1849591&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRII; CHS; Examining; applying; robot

Robots are becoming increasingly common enhancements in people's lives. They tutor students, help around the house, work in factories, and more. For robotic technology to be the most helpful, it is important to learn how people best interact with it. In this project, the researchers apply theory of social psychology and group dynamics to improve human-robot teaming. Previous research has shown that humans work better with robots that they view as teammates (called 'ingroup') than robots that they view as opponents (called 'outgroup'). However, ingroup and outgroup are social categories, and it is not known how social a robot must behave to benefit from ingroup favoritism. Conversely, it is uncertain if nonsocial robots can avoid the drawbacks of being viewed as outgroup members. In this project, researchers will develop the understanding of these critical factors and apply them to real-world human-robot teams, such as for construction. This will promote the progress of psychological science, demonstrating how far principles of psychological group dynamics extend to nonsocial agents and when these principles break down. The results will lead to robot design recommendations to improve human-robot teaming. For example, this research might indicate that humans and machine-like robots can work most efficiently and smoothly together when the robots behave uniformly.To examine intergroup human-robot interaction, the researchers will set up cooperative and competitive contexts to elicit group effects and determine how social the robots must be to be treated like ingroup or outgroup members (Study 1). Then the researchers will determine if social group principles, such as entitativity (cohesiveness) of robot groups, affect interactions with them even when robots are nonsocial (paralleling factory-created construction robots in the real world; Study 2). Because human groups will interact with robots (e.g., family members interacting with a home robot, a construction crew), the researchers will examine how human group type (e.g., friend, coworker) affects responses toward the robots (Study 3). Because groups are more competitive than individuals, the researchers will examine one-on-one contact with robots before group interaction with them to reduce prejudice against them (Study 4). Finally, the researchers will apply their research findings from Studies 1-4 to the real world and the introduction of construction robots with their collaborators from the College of Engineering (Study 5). This research will lay the foundation for understanding group dynamics in human-robot interaction. Based on the findings, the researchers will provide design recommendations about what robot form and intragroup behavior will be best suited for intergroup interaction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

机器人在人们的生活中变得越来越普遍。他们辅导学生，帮助做家务，在工厂工作等等。为了使机器人技术发挥最大的作用，了解人们如何最好地与它互动是很重要的。在这个项目中，研究人员运用社会心理学和群体动力学理论来改善人机合作。先前的研究表明，人类与被视为队友（称为“内组”）的机器人合作得比与被视为对手（称为“外组”）的机器人合作得更好。然而，内群体和外群体是社会范畴，我们不知道机器人必须表现出怎样的社交行为才能从内群体偏好中受益。相反，我们不确定非社交机器人是否能避免被视为群体外成员的缺点。在这个项目中，研究人员将发展对这些关键因素的理解，并将其应用于现实世界的人机团队，例如建筑团队。这将促进心理科学的进步，证明心理群体动力学原理在多大程度上扩展到非社会行为者，以及这些原理何时失效。结果将导致机器人设计建议，以改善人-机器人团队。例如，这项研究可能表明，当机器人行为一致时，人类和类机器机器人可以最有效、最顺利地一起工作。为了研究群体间的人机互动，研究人员将建立合作和竞争的环境，以引出群体效应，并确定机器人必须如何作为群体内或群体外成员来对待（研究1）。然后，研究人员将确定社会群体原则，如机器人群体的实体性（凝聚力），是否会影响与他们的互动，即使机器人是非社会性的（在现实世界中平行工厂制造的建筑机器人；研究2）。因为人类群体将与机器人互动（例如，家庭成员与家用机器人互动，建筑工人），研究人员将研究人类群体类型（例如，朋友，同事）如何影响对机器人的反应（研究3）。因为群体比个体更具竞争力，研究人员将在群体互动之前检查与机器人的一对一接触，以减少对它们的偏见（研究4）。最后，研究人员将把研究1-4的研究成果应用于现实世界，并与工程学院的合作者一起引入建筑机器人（研究5）。本研究将为理解人机交互中的群体动力学奠定基础。基于这些发现，研究人员将提供关于机器人形式和群体行为最适合群体间互动的设计建议。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Safety Blanket of Humanity: Thinking of Unfamiliar Humans or Robots Increases Conformity to Humans

人类的安全毯：思考不熟悉的人类或机器人会增加对人类的认同

• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Human-Robot Interaction
• 作者: Fraune, M. R.

Developing Future Wearable Interfaces for Human-Drone Teams through a Virtual Drone Search Game

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2020.102573
• 发表时间: 2021-03-01
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Fraune, Marlena R.;Khalaf, Ahmed S.;Dugas, Phoebe O. Toups
• 通讯作者: Dugas, Phoebe O. Toups

Workshop YOUR Study Design! Participatory Critique and Refinement of Participants' Studies

研讨会您的学习设计！

• DOI: 10.1145/3434074.3444867
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Workshop YOUR Study Design! Participatory Critique and Refinement of Participants' Studies
• 作者: Fraune, Marlena R.;Karatas, Nihan;Leite, Iolanda
• 通讯作者: Leite, Iolanda

Not in my house!: Children Playing an Online Game with Robots Show Low Trust and Closeness with Ingroup Robots

不在我家！：与机器人一起玩在线游戏的孩子对群体内的机器人表现出较低的信任度和亲密感

• DOI: 10.1145/3434074.3447204
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Not in my house!: Children Playing an Online Game with Robots Show Low Trust and Closeness with Ingroup Robots.
• 作者: Rheman, Jennifer;Fraune, Marlena R.
• 通讯作者: Fraune, Marlena R.