Collaborative Research: Mathematical and Experimental Analysis of Competitive Ecological Models: Patches, Landscapes, Stage Structure, and Conditional Dispersal on the Boundary

合作研究：竞争性生态模型的数学和实验分析：斑块、景观、阶段结构和边界上的条件扩散

• 批准号: 1853372
• 负责人: Jerome Goddard
• 金额: $ 12.09万
• 依托单位: Auburn University at Montgomery
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1853372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Mathematical; Experimental; Analysis

In our increasingly fragmented world, dispersal between habitat fragments is essential for the long-term survival of a species. This project will integrate mathematical modeling and experimental analysis of an insect commonly found in stored grains to describe the effects of habitat fragmentation, conditional dispersal (e.g. an organism?s decision to leave a fragment depends upon competitor presence) and interspecific competition on population dynamics from the patch level to the landscape level. Results from this project will answer key ecological questions including: What effects do competitors have on the emigration behavior of species at patch boundaries? How do relationships between density and emigration affect regional population dynamics and competitor coexistence? How does conditional dispersal affect competition-dispersal tradeoffs that are thought to be a key to competitor coexistence? The project will advance the analysis of mathematical models created to answer these questions and better understand model dynamics. Finally, results from this study will apply to conservation programs and habitat reserve design. Graduate and undergraduate students will be trained through PI-hosted workshops and mentorship of independent research projects. Project results will be disseminated to both ecological and mathematical communities through peer-reviewed journals, national and international conference talks, and a user-friendly website. Additionally, an app that estimates key dispersal parameters from field data will be created and made publicly available. This project is funded jointly by the Division of Mathematical Sciences Mathematical Biology program and the Division of Environmental Biology Population and Community Ecology program.This collaborative project will integrate reaction-diffusion models, mathematical analysis, and experimental analysis to explore the effects of habitat fragmentation, conditional dispersal and interspecific competition on the population dynamics and species coexistence from the patch to the landscape level. The PIs will use diffusive Lotka-Volterra competition systems with nonlinear boundary conditions modeling density dependent emigration (DDE) both at the patch and landscape levels and stage structure. Ongoing research suggests that life-history traits, such as whether a species is solitary or gregarious, can provide cues as to the form of DDE for particular species. Knowledge of species' life histories, coupled with our predictions regarding how different forms of DDE can affect species coexistence and connectivity among habitat patches, can help determine whether existing reserves are adequate for species coexistence. Dispersal experiments will be performed using two Tribolium flour beetle species to parameterize the models and compare model predictions about coexistence and stability with results from long-term experiments. Innovative contributions will be made by providing (1) experimental evidence that interspecific competitors affect within-patch redistribution, boundary behavior and the strength and form of the DDE relationship; (2) the first theoretical framework and empirical evidence for the effects of conditional dispersal on the population dynamics and coexistence of competing species in fragmented landscapes; and (3) novel analysis of elliptic boundary value problems with nonlinear boundary conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在我们日益碎片化的世界中，栖息地碎片之间的分散对于物种的长期生存至关重要。该项目将整合储存谷物中常见昆虫的数学模型和实验分析，以描述栖息地破碎化、条件扩散（例如，生物体决定留下碎片取决于竞争对手的存在）以及从斑块水平到景观水平的种群动态的种间竞争的影响。该项目的结果将回答关键的生态问题，包括：竞争对手对斑块边界物种的迁出行为有何影响？密度和移民之间的关系如何影响区域人口动态和竞争对手共存？有条件分散如何影响被认为是竞争对手共存关键的竞争分散权衡？该项目将推进对为回答这些问题而创建的数学模型的分析，并更好地理解模型动态。最后，这项研究的结果将应用于保护计划和栖息地保护区设计。研究生和本科生将通过 PI 主办的研讨会和独立研究项目的指导接受培训。项目结果将通过同行评审期刊、国内和国际会议演讲以及用户友好的网站传播到生态和数学界。此外，还将创建一个根据现场数据估计关键扩散参数的应用程序并公开发布。该项目由数学科学部数学生物学项目和环境生物学部种群与群落生态学项目联合资助。该合作项目将整合反应扩散模型、数学分析和实验分析，探讨生境破碎化、条件扩散和种间竞争对从斑块到景观层面的种群动态和物种共存的影响。 PI 将使用扩散 Lotka-Volterra 竞争系统，该系统具有非线性边界条件，在斑块和景观水平以及阶段结构上对密度相关移民（DDE）进行建模。正在进行的研究表明，生活史特征，例如一个物种是独居还是群居，可以为特定物种的 DDE 形式提供线索。了解物种的生活史，再加上我们对不同形式的 DDE 如何影响物种共存和栖息地斑块之间的连通性的预测，可以帮助确定现有保护区是否足以实现物种共存。 将使用两种谷盗粉甲虫物种进行分散实验，以对模型进行参数化，并将关于共存和稳定性的模型预测与长期实验的结果进行比较。创新贡献将通过提供（1）实验证据表明种间竞争者影响斑块内的重新分配、边界行为以及DDE关系的强度和形式； (2) 第一个关于条件扩散对破碎景观中种群动态和竞争物种共存影响的理论框架和经验证据； (3) 具有非线性边界条件的椭圆边值问题的新颖分析。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

A study of logistic growth models influenced by the exterior matrix hostility and grazing in an interior patch

外部基质敌对和内部斑块放牧影响的物流增长模型研究

• DOI: 10.14232/ejqtde.2020.1.17
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Fonseka, Nalin;Machado, Jonathan;Shivaji, Ratnasingham
• 通讯作者: Shivaji, Ratnasingham

Frequency of Occurrence and Population-Dynamic Consequences of Different Forms of Density-Dependent Emigration

• DOI: 10.1086/708156
• 发表时间: 2020-05-01
• 期刊: AMERICAN NATURALIST
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Harman, Rachel R.;Goddard, Jerome, II;Cronin, James T.
• 通讯作者: Cronin, James T.

The diffusive Lotka–Volterra competition model in fragmented patches I: Coexistence

碎片化斑块中的扩散LotkaâVolterra竞争模型I：共存

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nonrwa.2022.103775
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications
• 作者: Acharya, A.;Bandyopadhyay, S.;Cronin, J.T.;Goddard, J.;Muthunayake, A.;Shivaji, R.
• 通讯作者: Shivaji, R.

Modeling the effects of trait-mediated dispersal on coexistence of mutualists

模拟特征介导的扩散对互利共存的影响

• DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2020399
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: T. Cronin, James;Goddard II, Jerome;Muthunayake, Amila;Shivaji, Ratnasingham
• 通讯作者: Shivaji, Ratnasingham

Ecological release and patch geometry can cause nonlinear density–area relationships

生态释放和斑块几何形状会导致非线性密度与面积关系

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111325
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Theoretical Biology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Goddard, Jerome;Shivaji, Ratnasingham;Cronin, James T.
• 通讯作者: Cronin, James T.