Excellence in Research: The Visible Ape Project

卓越研究：可见猿项目

• 批准号: 1856329
• 负责人: Rui Diogo
• 金额: $ 48.46万
• 依托单位: Howard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1856329&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Excellence; Research; Visible; Ape; Project

One of the major questions in biology is how small genotypic differences can underpin striking phenotypic differences in anatomy, physiology, development, and behavior, like those seen between humans and apes. Indeed, we share nearly 99% of our DNA with chimpanzees, our closest living ape relatives, despite having substantially different appearances and behaviors. In order to study these genotype-phenotype relationships across humans and apes, detailed phenotypic data, including anatomical data, are needed. However, despite a fascination about apes that is shared by many scientists and the broader public, there are very limited resources for accessing and exploring ape anatomy. This project will develop a comprehensive, user-friendly and freely available resource on ape anatomy, the Visible Ape Project (VAP). This website and mobile/tablet app anatomical resource will be hosted at Howard University, to assure long-term availability and visibility of the data and support STEM research and scientific dissemination at a Historically Black University (HBCU). The VAP will serve as a valuable cross-disciplinary resource and create interdisciplinary connections between medical/veterinary education and biological anthropology. The VAP will also support public interest in science, drawing further attention to and awareness of apes, whose continued existence in the wild is seriously threatened. A number of outreach activities, including US and internationally-collaborative workshops, educational, and conservation activities, will reach the public, students from the high school level through graduate levels, and researchers and medical/veterinary practitioners. In the way that GenBank has been transformative for genetic research, the VAP is a major step towards transforming the 'phenome' in terms of providing a resource with comprehensive image data of ape anatomy directly comparable to human anatomy. In particular, the VAP and its comparisons with the Visible Human Project will allow researchers to address fundamental questions about the genomic, developmental, evolutionary and functional bases of human and ape anatomy and development, the origin and variations of the human body, and the features that make humans unique. Specifically, the VAP will include about 1,050 labeled images (dissection photographs, 3D photogrammetry, anatomical illustrations, CT/MRI scans) and 3D models of neonates and adults of each major ape group, as well as more than 250 labeled and 10,000 unlabeled full body and brain serial sections of both neonatal and adult chimps.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生物学中的一个主要问题是，微小的基因差异如何支持解剖、生理、发育和行为方面的显著表型差异，就像人类和类人猿之间看到的那样。事实上，尽管我们的外表和行为有很大的不同，但我们与黑猩猩的DNA几乎99%相同，黑猩猩是我们现存的最接近的类人猿亲戚。为了研究人类和类人猿之间的这些基因-表型关系，需要详细的表型数据，包括解剖学数据。然而，尽管许多科学家和更广泛的公众都对类人猿着迷，但用于访问和探索类人猿解剖的资源非常有限。这个项目将开发一个全面的，用户友好的和免费获得的关于猿解剖的资源，可见的猿项目(VAP)。该网站和移动/平板应用解剖资源将托管在霍华德大学，以确保数据的长期可用性和可见性，并支持历史悠久的黑人大学(HBCU)的STEM研究和科学传播。VAP将作为一个宝贵的跨学科资源，并在医学/兽医教育和生物人类学之间建立跨学科联系。VAP还将支持公众对科学的兴趣，引起人们对猩猩的进一步关注和认识，它们在野外的生存受到严重威胁。许多外展活动，包括美国和国际合作的研讨会、教育和保护活动，将接触到公众、从高中到研究生的学生，以及研究人员和医学/兽医从业者。在GenBank为基因研究带来变革的方式中，VAP是在提供直接与人类解剖学相比较的类人猿解剖的全面图像数据的资源方面，朝着改变“现象组”迈出的重要一步。特别是，VAP及其与可见人项目的比较将使研究人员能够解决关于人类和猿类解剖和发育的基因组、发育、进化和功能基础、人体的起源和变异以及使人类独一无二的特征等基本问题。具体地说，VAP将包括每个主要类人猿群体的约1,050张标记图像(解剖照片、3D摄影测量、解剖插图、CT/MRI扫描)和新生儿和成年猩猩的3D模型，以及250多张标记的和10,000张未标记的新生儿和成年黑猩猩的全身和大脑连续切片。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The arteries of the musculoskeletal system of siamangs, and a comparison with other hylobatids, greater apes, and humans

合趾猿肌肉骨骼系统的动脉，以及与其他长臂猿、类人猿和人类的比较

• DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21480
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Morphology
• 影响因子: 1.5
• 作者: Cheung, Laraine H.;Martin, Jose S.;Barger, Nicole;Phillips, Carina;Fernandez, Vincent;Diogo, Rui
• 通讯作者: Diogo, Rui

The Visible Ape Project: A free, comprehensive, web‐based anatomical atlas for scientists and veterinarians designed to raise public awareness about apes

可见猿项目：为科学家和兽医提供免费、全面、基于网络的解剖图谱，旨在提高公众对猿的认识

• DOI: 10.1002/evan.21896
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: and Reviews
• 作者: Barger, Nicole;Martín, José Saúl;Boyle, Eve K.;Richmond, Marli;Diogo, Rui
• 通讯作者: Diogo, Rui