CNS Core: Medium: RF-Based Analytics with Intelligent Backscattering in Passive Tag-to-Tag Networks

射频识别（RFID）标签已经被用于在被称为RFID读取器的昂贵设备询问时识别被标记的对象。RFID阅读器向标签发送RF信号，并且通过反射该信号，标签传输信息。在这个项目中，最初的假设是RFID标签被增强，并从另一个发射标签读取反射的RF信号。由发射标签反射的信号是环境RF信号或由专用廉价RF源生成的信号。这消除了网络中昂贵的RFID读取器。智能和协作被添加到这样的标签的网络的基础上的一种新的方法，用于估计标签到标签的通信信道。这使得网络能够定位和识别在标签附近发生的动态事件。标签收集独特环境数据的新功能将解锁物联网领域的大量应用，从而以各种形式为社会带来好处，包括提高安全性，舒适性，效率和更好的决策。研究小组将通过斯托尼布鲁克的妇女工程和科学荣誉计划，为加强为女高中生提供的课后活动做出贡献。此外，该团队将通过电气和计算机工程系的工程教学实验室参与高中生的日常活动。 拟议工作的目标和范围包括开发无电池、射频供电标签的自主网络，除了执行定位和跟踪等基本操作外，还执行射频传感和指纹识别。这是通过仅基于被动后向散射的信道测量的新技术以及通过处理这些测量以识别周围活动来实现的。该项目的研究带来了以下贡献：1）新颖的无电池射频标签架构，其可用功率仅为几微瓦，能够进行被动信道估计和必要的通信和处理能力; 2）有效的分布式算法，用于信道测量的标签选择、信息融合和学习技术，以获得给定各种约束的最佳估计; 3）利用信道估计的新颖的协作反向散射技术;四、建立分立和集成电路版本的射频标签，将用于在实验室和更现实的智能家居环境中创建标签网络，以评估所提出的技术。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响进行评估来支持审查标准。

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags have been used to identify tagged objects when they are interrogated by expensive devices known as RFID readers. An RFID reader sends an RF signal toward a tag, and by reflecting that signal the tag transmits information. In this project, the starting assumption is that RFID tags are enhanced and read the reflected RF signal from another transmitting tag. The signal reflected by the transmitting tag is either an ambient RF signal or signal generated by a dedicated inexpensive RF source. This eliminates the expensive RFID readers from the networks. Intelligence and collaboration are added to a network of such tags based on a novel method for estimation of tag-to-tag communication channels. This enables the network to localize and recognize dynamic events that take place in the proximity of the tags. The new capabilities of the tags to gather unique environmental data will unlock a large number of applications in the Internet-of-Things domain which in turn will bring benefits to society in various forms including improved safety, comfort, efficiency and better decision making. The team of researchers will contribute to enhancing the offerings of after-school activities for female high school students via Stony Brook's Women in Engineering and Science Honors Program. Further, the team will be engaged with the daily activities of high-school students through the engineering teaching laboratories in the Electrical and Computer Engineering department. The goal and scope of the proposed work include the development of autonomous networks of battery-less, RF-powered tags, which besides performing basic operations such as localization and tracking, carry out RF sensing and fingerprinting. This is accomplished by novel techniques for channel measurement based only on passive backscattering and by processing these measurements to recognize surrounding activities. The research on this project brings the following contributions: 1) novel battery-less RF tag architectures that operate with a few microwatts of available power and that are capable of passive channel estimation and necessary communication and processing abilities; 2) effective distributed algorithms for tag selection for channel measurements, information fusion and learning techniques to obtain the best possible estimates given various constraints; 3) novel collaborative backscattering techniques that exploit channel estimation; 4) building discrete and integrated circuit versions of the RF tags which will be used for creating a tag network in the lab and in more realistic smart home environments for evaluating the proposed techniques.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.