WoU-MMA: Gravitational Wave Coupling with Inhomogeneous Plasma and Asymptotic Theory of Polarization Effects in Curved Spacetime

WoU-MMA：非均匀等离子体的引力波耦合和弯曲时空极化效应的渐近理论

• 批准号: 1903130
• 负责人: ILYA DODIN
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1903130&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Gravitational; Wave; Coupling

Scientists have long predicted that disturbances in the fabric of spacetime, called gravitational waves (GWs), can be generated by binary stars and propagate across the Universe with speeds close to the speed of light. Recently, these waves have been detected, resulting in the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics. This discovery opens new opportunities to study fascinating astronomical processes which so far have only been hypothesized, and may help us to better understand the Universe. Some GWs have been detected in parallel with bursts of electromagnetic radiation, and correlations between gravitational and electromagnetic signals can tell us even more than gravitational signals alone. To infer information from these correlations, we need to understand how GWs and electromagnetic radiation are coupled in plasmas surrounding GW sources. This project is aimed towards developing the first comprehensive theory to address this complicated correlation problem. The project is directly aligned with the goals of NSF's "Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics" Big Idea, because understanding of how GW waves affect a plasma is necessary for astrophysicists to interpret the origin of electromagnetic radiation from GW sources. The project bridges plasma physics and gravitational physics and a graduate student will be trained in the new multidisciplinary area at the intersection of these two fields.This project will allow a rigorous derivation of the plasma susceptibilities with respect to a combination of metric and electromagnetic oscillations. Using a variational approach, geometrical-optics equations for linear plasma waves coupled with metric oscillations will be formulated. In doing so, nonlinear (ponderomotive) forces produced by gravitational radiation will also be studied. The usual assumption of transverse polarization for the metric oscillations is not invoked, so it is expected that the estimates for the GW-plasma coupling coefficients will be significantly improved. After exploring the resulting dispersion relations, both analytically and by using particle-in-cell simulations, the energy transfer from metric oscillations to plasma will be estimated. As a spinoff, the deviation of electromagnetic rays from null geodesics in prescribed spacetime (the "spin Hall effect of light") will be rigorously calculated for a general metric for the first time.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

科学家们早就预测，时空结构中的扰动，即引力波（GWs），可以由双星产生，并以接近光速的速度在宇宙中传播。最近，这些波被探测到，从而获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖。这一发现为研究迄今为止只是假设的迷人天文过程提供了新的机会，并可能帮助我们更好地了解宇宙。一些地球引力波与电磁辐射爆发同时被探测到，引力和电磁信号之间的相关性可以告诉我们比单独的引力信号更多的信息。为了从这些相关性中推断信息，我们需要了解GW和电磁辐射是如何在GW源周围的等离子体中耦合的。这个项目旨在发展第一个全面的理论来解决这个复杂的相关问题。该项目与美国国家科学基金会“宇宙之窗：多信使天体物理学时代”的目标直接一致，因为了解GW波如何影响等离子体对于天体物理学家解释GW源电磁辐射的起源是必要的。该项目是等离子体物理学和引力物理学的桥梁，研究生将在这两个领域的交叉点接受新的多学科领域的培训。这个项目将允许严格的推导等离子体的磁化率，相对于度量和电磁振荡的组合。利用变分方法，将建立线性等离子体波与度量振荡耦合的几何光学方程。在此过程中，还将研究由重力辐射产生的非线性（有源）力。由于不采用通常的度量振荡的横向极化假设，因此预计对gw -等离子体耦合系数的估计将得到显著改善。通过分析和使用粒子在电池中的模拟来探索由此产生的色散关系后，将估计从度量振荡到等离子体的能量传递。作为一个衍生，在规定的时空中，电磁射线与零测地线的偏差（“光的自旋霍尔效应”）将首次被严格地计算为一般度量。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Average nonlinear dynamics of particles in gravitational pulses: Effective Hamiltonian, secular acceleration, and gravitational susceptibility

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.064012
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: D. Garg;I. Dodin

Gravitational spin Hall effect of light

光的引力自旋霍尔效应

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.024075
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Oancea, Marius A.;Joudioux, Jérémie;Dodin, I. Y.;Ruiz, D. E.;Paganini, Claudio F.;Andersson, Lars
• 通讯作者: Andersson, Lars

Gauge invariants of linearized gravity with a general background metric

用一般背景度量衡量线性重力的不变量

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/aca067
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Classical and Quantum Gravity
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Garg, Deepen;Dodin, I Y
• 通讯作者: Dodin, I Y

Quasilinear theory for inhomogeneous plasma

非均匀等离子体的拟线性理论

• DOI: 10.1017/s0022377822000502
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Plasma Physics
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Dodin, I.Y.