Collaborative Research: TESPRESSO: Tectonic Encoding, Shredding, and PRopagation of Environmental Signals as Surface Observables

合作研究：TESPRESSO：环境信号作为表面可观测值的构造编码、粉碎和传播

• 批准号: 1904268
• 负责人: Nicole Gasparini
• 金额: $ 24.99万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-15 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1904268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; TESPRESSO; Tectonic; Encoding

Sediments and sedimentary rocks record how mountains are built, when climate changes, how sea level fluctuates, and the processes that erode, move, and deposit sediment. This information can inform our understanding of modern Earth surface processes, natural hazards, and environmental systems crucial to sustainable food and water resources. A key location to study these processes is in the Peloritani Mountains, northeastern Sicily, where the mountains are going up rapidly as a result of large and frequent earthquakes. Hillslopes are prone to landslides during both earthquakes and violent storms, sending large amounts of sediment into the rivers. This sediment is transported downstream to a narrow, densely-populated coastal strip, where it spreads out forming a delta at sea level. This project documents episodes of sediment deposition in the deltas and uses computer models to decipher the causative processes. This research will better constrain how the Peloritani Mountain landscape responds to earthquakes, climate, landslides, flash floods, and sea level variability. Results from this work will help inform the local populace on geologic hazards in the region. The project provides support for graduate students, early career post-doctoral researchers, and educational outreach to underrepresented groups at the K-12 level.This project focuses on the construction of a source to sink landscape evolution model (LEM) informed by sediment yield and rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphic data to explore how quasi-periodic and stochastic tectonic forcings are encoded, shredded, propagated, and preserved in sedimentary archives. With a relatively small drainage area ( 500 km2), uniform bedrock, and a known history of climate and base level variation, the study area offers an unparalleled natural experiment that scales well to a LEM exploring the geomorphic and sedimentologic responses to tectonic forcings in a system with low source storage. The project tests hypotheses that changes in rates of rock uplift on short earthquake cycles to long secular uplift time scales (1) impact the response time and the autogenic periods of the system, lengthening both, (2) impact the grain size and sediment yield of the source independent of, and unique to, responses driven by periodic climate change, and (3) impart unique stratal onlap and offlap geometries, bed thickness, textural, and rock-magnetic variations in the sink, distinct from those imparted by periodic climatic forcing and quasi-periodic autogenic processes. The project incorporates a modeling strategy that merges Landlab in the source to Sedflux in the sink in order to predict unsteadiness in the source sediment flux and the resulting basin depositional architecture for a tightly linked source-to-sink system. LEM predictions are evaluated against lithostratigraphy, rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphy, terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN)-determined modern and paleo-erosion rates, and sediment accumulation rates in fan deltas determined by optical luminescence.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沉积物和沉积岩记录了山脉的建造方式，气候变化，海平面的波动以及侵蚀，移动和沉积沉积物的过程。 这些信息可以告知我们对现代地球表面过程，自然危害以及对可持续食品和水资源至关重要的环境系统的理解。研究这些过程的一个关键位置是西西里岛东北部的佩洛里塔尼山脉，由于地震频繁大而经常，山脉迅速上升。在地震和猛烈的暴风雨中，山坡易于滑坡，向河流散发出大量的沉积物。这种沉积物在下游运输到一个狭窄，人口稠密的沿海地带，在那里散布在海平面上形成三角洲。该项目记录了三角洲沉积物沉积物的发作，并使用计算机模型破译了病因过程。这项研究将更好地限制Peloritani山区景观如何应对地震，气候，滑坡，山洪洪水和海平面变异性。这项工作的结果将有助于告知当地民众有关该地区的地质危害。 The project provides support for graduate students, early career post-doctoral researchers, and educational outreach to underrepresented groups at the K-12 level.This project focuses on the construction of a source to sink landscape evolution model (LEM) informed by sediment yield and rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphic data to explore how quasi-periodic and stochastic tectonic forcings are encoded, shredded,繁殖并保存在沉积档案中。研究区域具有相对较小的排水区域（500 km2），均匀的基岩以及已知的气候和基础水平变化史，研究区提供了无与伦比的自然实验，可以很好地扩展到LEM，以探索具有低源存储系统中构造构造的地貌和沉积学反应。该项目测试的假设是，在短的地震周期上岩石上升速率变化到长期的世俗抬高时间尺度（1）影响了系统的响应时间和自生期间的响应时间和自体时期，延长，（2）影响源的晶粒尺寸和沉积物的产量，与源构成的响应且独特的响应是由周期性的层次变化和（3）独特的层次变化，以及（3）独特的层次层面和（3），以及（3）独特的层次层面和3）。水槽中的岩石磁化变化与周期性气候强迫和准周期自动源过程所赋予的岩石变化不同。该项目结合了一种建模策略，该策略将车展合并到水槽中的Sedflux的来源中，以预测源沉积物通量中的不稳定，以及由此产生的盆地沉积体系结构，以与紧密链接的源源到链接系统。 LEM predictions are evaluated against lithostratigraphy, rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphy, terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN)-determined modern and paleo-erosion rates, and sediment accumulation rates in fan deltas determined by optical luminescence.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader影响审查标准。