CNS Core: Small: Collaborative Research: HEECMA: A Hybrid Elastic Edge-Cloud Application Management Architecture

应用软件在功能上变得越来越丰富，并且对资源(例如，存储器和计算能力)的要求越来越高。该项目研究如何在分布式计算基础设施的不同部分划分和部署应用软件，例如基于虚拟现实(VR)的无人机控制应用，即资源由服务和云提供商的混合体管理。将回答的研究问题包括：平衡每个应用程序组件(功能)的计算和内存需求以及这些功能之间的通信需求的应用程序的最佳分区是什么？应该为每个应用程序功能使用哪个提供程序，以使其以最低成本快速运行？此外，系统应该如何适应资源可获得性的变化，以保持用户的高质量体验？该项目将建立在分布式复杂网络基础设施上分解应用程序的理论基础。我们将研究不同提供商提供的各种分解以及相应的虚拟化和资源分配服务，这些服务的资源位于基础设施的边缘，即更接近用户，也位于核心，即更深入基础设施。目标是在为用户降低成本/价格的同时，找到满足用户体验质量的最佳分解。分解(分布式)解将通过采用相应的反馈控制算法和博弈论激励来实现。然后，该项目将试验三类应用程序，以验证这些理论基础：流增强/虚拟现实(AR/VR)、入侵检测和时空生态预测。为此，将在现有的开放云基础设施(例如GENI、CloudLab、Chameleon)、商业云以及私有云(例如Massachusetts Open Cloud)上开发和评估原型。该项目将推动大规模混合云基础设施上应用软件分解和部署领域的最先进技术。这项工作的理论基础和实验验证将为其他可预见和不可预见应用的设计和部署提供信息。绩效和成本收益将转化为更有效地利用资源，从而建立一个联系更紧密、更环保的社会。外联工作将包括几项活动：(1)编写和提供实践教程，涉及在由多个供应商管理的分布式网络基础设施上划分和运行应用软件；(2)为高中生组织关于网络基础设施运营和管理的年度夏令营；(3)培训和指导从事与该项目有关的研究的少数族裔和代表性不足的学生。在这笔赠款期间及以后，该项目将在http://csr.bu.edu/heecma上维护一个网站。该网站将以代码、原型和教程的形式包含该项目的所有出版物和结果。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Application software is becoming increasingly abundant in functionality and increasingly demanding of resources, e.g., memory and compute power. This project examines how application software, e.g., a Virtual Reality (VR) based drone control application, can be partitioned and deployed over different parts of a distributed computing infrastructure, i.e., resources are managed by a hybrid of service and cloud providers. Research questions that will be answered include: what is the best partitioning of the application that balances compute and memory demand for each application component (function) and the communication needs between these functions? Which provider should be used for each application function so that it runs quickly at the lowest cost? Moreover, how should the system adapt to changes in the availability of resources to maintain a high level of quality of experience for users?The project will develop the theoretical foundations of decomposing applications over a distributed complex cyberinfrastructure. We will study various decompositions and corresponding virtualization and resource allocation services offered by different providers with resources at the edge of the infrastructure, i.e., closer to users, and at the core, i.e., deeper into the infrastructure. The goal is to find the "best" decomposition to meet users' quality of experience while reducing the cost/price for the users. The decomposed (distributed) solution will be realized by employing corresponding feedback control algorithms and game-theoretic incentives. The project will then experiment with three classes of applications to validate these theoretical foundations: streaming Augmented/Virtual Reality (AR/VR), intrusion detection, and spatiotemporal ecological forecasting. Toward this end, a prototype will be developed and evaluated over existing open cloud infrastructures (e.g., GENI, CloudLab, Chameleon), commercial clouds, as well as private clouds (e.g., Massachusetts Open Cloud).This project will advance the state of the art in the area of application software decomposition and deployment over large-scale hybrid cloud infrastructures. The theoretical foundations and experimental validation of the work will inform the design and deployment of other foreseen and unforeseen applications. The performance and cost gains will translate to more efficient use of resources and consequently, a society that is better connected and greener. Outreach efforts will include several activities: (1) the development and delivery of hands-on tutorials that involve partitioning and running application software over a distributed cyberinfrastructure managed by multiple providers, (2) the organization of annual summer camps on cyberinfrastructure operations and management for high school students, and (3) the training and mentoring of minority and under-represented students working on research related to this project. The project will maintain a website at http://csr.bu.edu/heecma for the duration of this grant and beyond. The website will contain all the publications and results of this project in the form of code, prototype, and tutorials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.